72,234 articles
Early-onset myopathy with fatal cardiomyopathy
Early-onset myopathy with fatal cardiomyopathy (EOMFC), or Salih myopathy, is a rare autosomal recessive TTN-related titinopathy with infantile skeletal muscle weakness and childhood dilated cardiomyopathy causing death between ages 8 and 20.
Early-onset myopathy-areflexia-respiratory distress-dysphagia syndrome
EMARDD (early-onset myopathy-areflexia-respiratory distress-dysphagia syndrome) is a rare autosomal recessive congenital myopathy caused by MEGF10 mutations on 5q23, a satellite cellopathy with neonatal weakness, diaphragmatic paralysis, dysphagia, and areflexia.
Early-onset obesity-hyperphagia-severe developmental delay syndrome
Early-onset obesity-hyperphagia-severe developmental delay syndrome (OBHD, OMIM 613886) is a rare autosomal dominant syndromic obesity caused by NTRK2/TrkB mutations, with hyperphagia, short-term memory and language impairment, and fewer than 10 reported cases.
Early-onset parkinsonism-intellectual disability syndrome
Early-onset parkinsonism-intellectual disability syndrome, or Waisman syndrome (OMIM 311510), is a rare X-linked recessive RAB39B-related disorder with infantile intellectual disability, macrocephaly, and parkinsonism before age 45, mainly in males.
Early-onset spastic ataxia-myoclonic epilepsy-neuropathy syndrome
Early-onset spastic ataxia-myoclonic epilepsy-neuropathy syndrome, also called SPAX5 or autosomal recessive spastic ataxia type 5 (OMIM 614487), is a rare biallelic AFG3L2 mitochondrial m-AAA protease disorder causing childhood spastic ataxia, neuropathy, and myoclonic epilepsy.
Early-onset X-linked optic atrophy
Early-onset X-linked optic atrophy, or optic atrophy type 2 (OPA2), is a rare X-linked recessive disorder in which boys develop progressive vision loss beginning in early childhood.
EARLYDEXCoV2 trial
EARLYDEXCoV2 (EARLY-DEX COVID-19, NCT04836780) was a Spanish randomized open-label trial testing early dexamethasone 6 mg daily for 7 days in hospitalized COVID-19 pneumonia patients without oxygen needs but at high ARDS risk; it found no reduction in ARDS.
EARTH study
The Environment and Reproductive Health (EARTH) Study is a preconception cohort study at Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston investigating how environmental, nutritional, and lifestyle factors affect fertility and pregnancy outcomes.
Earthstar morphology and development
Earthstar morphology and development describes how earthstar fungi are constructed and develop: a three-layered exoperidium splits into rays that lift the spore sac, and raindrops pump spores out passively.
Earthworm
Earthworm, terrestrial segmented annelid worm (phylum Annelida), about 6,200 species in anecic, endogeic, and epigeic groups; ecosystem engineer of soils, invasive in northern North American forests, and raised as Eisenia fetida for vermicomposting.
Earthworm body wall and hydrostatic skeleton
The earthworm body wall, a layered sleeve of cuticle, epidermis, setae, and opposing muscle sheets, forms a hydrostatic skeleton that powers peristaltic locomotion and burrowing through soil.
Earthworm circulatory and respiratory systems
The earthworm circulatory and respiratory systems comprise a closed circulatory system with five pairs of aortic arches and respiration through the moist skin, with no lungs or gills.
Earthworm digestive and excretory systems
Earthworms digest soil with a straight alimentary canal running mouth to intestine, and excrete waste through nephridia and the gut, with ammonia leaving mainly via the gut.
Earthworm reproduction
Earthworm reproduction is the process by which earthworms, simultaneous hermaphrodites, mate ventral-to-ventral to exchange sperm, then produce cocoons from which miniature juveniles hatch with no larval stage.
Earthworm Society of Britain
Earthworm Society of Britain (ESB), founded 2009, runs the National Earthworm Recording Scheme for UK and Ireland earthworm records, with soil pit sampling, verification criteria, and open data via NBN and GBIF.
Earthworms as food and feed
Earthworms as food and feed is the use of farmed earthworms, whole or as dried meal, as protein for human diets and for livestock, aquaculture, and pet feeds.
Earwax
Earwax, or cerumen, is the waxy secretion of ear canal glands that protects and cleans the ear. Wet and dry types follow the ABCC11 gene; impaction affects up to 30% of people and is treated with softeners, irrigation, or manual removal.
Earwig
Earwig, order Dermaptera (skin wings): about 2,000 nocturnal insect species with forcep-like abdominal cerci and compactly folding hind wings; omnivores that are orchard predators or pests, harmless to humans despite the ear myth.
East Asian Traditional Medicine
East Asian traditional medicine covers TCM, TKM, and Japanese Kampo/Oriental medicine, sharing a Chinese origin about 3,000 years ago; uses acupuncture, moxibustion, cupping, and herbs, with differing national regulation, insurance, and evidence bases.
East Chukotka
East Chukotka, FEOW freshwater ecoregion 611, covers Chukotka Peninsula drainages north of the Anadyr plus Wrangel Island, Russia; permafrost-fed rivers, Beringian mixed fish fauna, and three endemic fishes.
East Coast fever
East Coast fever is a fatal tick-borne cattle disease of eastern and southern Africa caused by Theileria parva, transmitted by Rhipicephalus appendiculatus, controlled by the live Muguga cocktail infection-and-treatment vaccine with oxytetracycline.
EAST syndrome
EAST syndrome, also called SeSAME syndrome, is a rare autosomal recessive KCNJ10 (Kir4.1) channelopathy causing infantile epilepsy, ataxia, sensorineural deafness, and renal salt-wasting tubulopathy with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia.
EAST trial
The EAST trial, formally EAST-AFNET 4, was an international randomized trial of 2,789 patients showing early rhythm control for atrial fibrillation cut cardiovascular death, stroke, and hospitalization by 21%.
Eastern bluebird
Eastern bluebird (Sialia sialis), a small North American thrush, blue above with red-brown breast, nesting in cavities and nest boxes from eastern US and Canada to Nicaragua; about 23 million, low conservation concern, recovering via nest-box trails.
Eastern box turtle
Eastern box turtle (Terrapene carolina carolina), a hinged-plastron terrestrial turtle of the eastern United States, Maine to Texas; Vulnerable IUCN status, temperature-dependent sex determination, declining from habitat loss, roads, and trade.
Eastern brown snake
Eastern brown snake (Pseudonaja textilis), or Common brown snake, a highly venomous Australian elapid. Most lethal of five NSW snakes by LD50-yield comparison; causes coagulopathy, not neurotoxicity; most snakebite deaths in Australia.
Eastern copperhead
Eastern copperhead (Agkistrodon contortrix), venomous pit viper of the eastern and central United States; hourglass crossbands, 50–95 cm; formerly five subspecies, now two copperhead species with no subspecies.
Eastern cottontail
Eastern cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus), the most widespread North American cottontail rabbit, native from the Great Plains to Central America, introduced to the Northeast and Europe, competitor of the New England cottontail.
Eastern cougar
Eastern cougar (Puma concolor couguar), also called eastern puma, an extinct cougar subspecies of eastern North America; last confirmed in 1938, listed endangered 1978, delisted as extinct by USFWS effective February 22, 2018.
Eastern diamondback rattlesnake
Eastern diamondback rattlesnake (Crotalus adamanteus), largest US rattlesnake, of southeastern longleaf pine savannas; declining from habitat loss, skin trade, and persecution; ESA listing determined not warranted in 2023.