Life and health

EMBARC trial

EMBARC (Establishing Moderators and Biosignatures of Antidepressant Response in Clinical Care) was a US, multisite randomized trial testing whether clinical and biological markers predict antidepressant response in major depression.

Embedded teeth

Embedded teeth (ICD-10 K01.0, ICD-11 DA07.7) are teeth that fail to erupt despite sufficient space, in milk or adult dentitions; distinct from impacted teeth (DA07.8), treated by surgical exposure and orthodontic traction.

Emberiza

Emberiza, the Old World buntings, is a genus of about 44 passerine species in Emberizidae, including the Yellowhammer, Corn Bunting, and Critically Endangered Yellow-breasted Bunting.

Emberizidae

Emberizidae is a family of passerine birds containing the Old World buntings, small seed-eating songbirds found on all continents except Australia and Antarctica; New World sparrows were split into the separate family Passerellidae in 2017.

Embioptera

Embioptera (webspinners, Embiidina, Embiodea) is an order of gregarious tropical insects that spin silk from foreleg tarsal glands to build galleries; about 450 species, sister to Zoraptera within Polyneoptera.

Oct 20, 2026

Emblema

Emblema is a monotypic estrildid finch genus (Gould, 1842) containing the Painted Finch, Emblema pictum, of arid inland Australia; named from Latin for mosaic, after its mottled red-and-white underparts.

Embolectomy

Embolectomy is the removal of an embolus, a blood clot that formed in one vessel and lodged elsewhere, done by open surgery, balloon catheter, or aspiration.

Embolic Protection Devices

Embolic protection devices capture or deflect dislodged debris during angioplasty, stenting, and TAVR. Three classes: distal occlusion balloons, distal filters, proximal occlusion. Class I indication in vein grafts; TAVR benefit unproven in RCTs.

Embolic stroke of undetermined source

Embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS), a 2014-defined subset of cryptogenic ischemic stroke: non-lacunar, embolic-appearing, no atrial fibrillation, no ≥50% stenosis, no cardioembolic source after workup; anticoagulation trials failed.

Embolism

Embolism: sudden vessel blockage by a detached mass (embolus), a term coined by Virchow. Most common form is pulmonary embolism from deep vein thrombosis; other types include fat, air, tumor, and amniotic fluid emboli.

Embolization

Embolization (embolotherapy): minimally invasive transcatheter occlusion of blood vessels using particles, liquids, coils, or gels to stop bleeding, starve tumors, or treat AVMs and aneurysms.

Embolotherium

Embolotherium (battering ram beast) is an extinct late Eocene Mongolian brontothere, named by Osborn in 1929, with a single ram-like nasal-frontal bony process that likely supported a hugely enlarged nose, possibly for loud vocalizations.

Embolus

Embolus: material (usually a thrombus fragment, also fat, air, tumor, amniotic fluid, septic matter) traveling in blood and blocking a vessel; Virchow coined the term in the 1850s; pulmonary embolism is the most common form.

EMBRACE trial (NCT07628686)

EMBRACE (NCT07628686), "From Vulnerable to Empowered", is a randomized, investigator-blinded Portuguese prevention trial of a multicomponent program against age-related decline, running June 2026 to May 2029, distinct from other EMBRACE-named trials.

Embryo

Embryo: the early developmental stage of a multicellular organism; in humans from first cleavage to about nine weeks post fertilization, before the fetus stage, studied through cleavage, gastrulation, and stem cell-based embryo models.

Embryo biopsy

Embryo biopsy is a laboratory procedure in assisted reproduction in which cells are removed from an oocyte, zygote, or embryo for genetic testing before transfer.

Embryo cryopreservation

Embryo cryopreservation is a reproductive biology method that stores embryos in liquid nitrogen, keeping them viable for thawing and transfer years later in IVF and livestock breeding.

Embryo culture

Embryo culture: the IVF laboratory step of growing fertilized oocytes in incubators to the blastocyst stage (day 5-6). Covers media, pH, temperature, 5% oxygen, history from McLaren and Biggers to Louise Brown, and time-lapse evidence.

Embryo Implantation

Embryo implantation, or nidation, is the embedding of the blastocyst in the uterine endometrium via apposition, adhesion, and penetration; in humans it is interstitial, occurs in a progesterone-timed window, and fails in at least 40% of pregnancies.

Embryo rescue

Embryo rescue is a plant breeding technique that cultures an immature hybrid embryo on nutrient medium to produce a viable plant from a cross that would otherwise abort.

Embryo transfer

Embryo transfer is the final step of IVF, placing lab-created embryos into the uterus via catheter. Pioneered by Edwards and Steptoe, it produced Louise Brown in 1978; modern practice favors single, often frozen, transfers.

Embryo transfer in livestock

Embryo transfer in livestock is a reproductive technology in which embryos from a valuable donor female are carried by recipient females, widely used in cattle since the 1970s.

Embryoid body

Embryoid body (EB): a 3D suspension aggregate of pluripotent stem cells, from ESCs or iPSCs, induced to differentiate into all three germ layers; used in directed differentiation, pluripotency testing, and embryo modeling.

Embryology

Embryology: the biological science of embryo formation and development, from Aristotle's chick studies and Pander's germ layers to human gastrulation, the 14-day research rule, and stem-cell embryo models.

Embryonal carcinoma

Embryonal carcinoma, a non-seminomatous malignant germ cell tumor of testis, ovary, or extragonadal sites, marked by primitive epithelial cells, high mitotic activity, AFP and hCG secretion, and GCNIS-derived classification.

Embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes

Embryonal tumor with multilayered rosettes (ETMR), formerly ETANTR, ependymoblastoma, or medulloepithelioma, is a WHO grade IV infant brain tumor defined by C19MC amplification (~90%), TTYH1-C19MC fusion, LIN28A expression, or rare DICER1 mutations, with survival below 30% at 5 years.