72,234 articles
ESPRIT trial (NCT05836753)
ESPRIT (NCT05836753) is a phase 2 Beijing Tiantan Hospital trial of 7-day sarecycline 100 mg versus placebo in 120 large vessel occlusion stroke patients after reperfusion; primary outcome NIHSS change at 7 days.
Esprocarb
Esprocarb (エスプロカルブ, CAS 85785-20-2) is a chiral thiocarbamate herbicide for paddy rice weeds, introduced in Japan in 1988, inhibiting lipid synthesis (HRAC K3); not approved in the EU or UK.
ESR1
ESR1 (estrogen receptor 1, NR3A1, ERα) is a human gene on chromosome 6q25 encoding estrogen receptor alpha, a ligand-activated nuclear transcription factor central to breast cancer, endometrial cancer, and osteoporosis, whose activating mutations drive endocrine therapy resistance.
ESR2
ESR2 (estrogen receptor 2, ERβ, NR3A2) is the human chromosome 14q23 gene encoding estrogen receptor beta, the second estrogen receptor discovered in 1996. It forms homo- and heterodimers with ERα, predominates in ovary, lung, bladder, and gut, and is a drug target in breast cancer.
ESRRA
ESRRA (ERRalpha, NR3B1) is the human gene for estrogen-related receptor alpha, an orphan nuclear receptor and transcription factor that, with PGC-1 coactivators, regulates energy metabolism, mitochondrial biogenesis, and is implicated in cancer and metabolic disease.
ESRT-Faculty trial
ESRT-Faculty (NCT03516877) is a UCSF behavioral intervention trial testing Enhanced Stress Resilience Training, a streamlined MBSR-derived mindfulness curriculum, in surgery and anesthesia faculty physicians, measuring burnout, stress, and cognition.
Essais de paléontologie cosmopolite (Cossmann)
Essais de paléontologie cosmopolite, actually titled Essais de paléoconchologie comparée, is M. Cossmann's thirteen-part revision of fossil molluscan genera, published in Paris from 1895 to 1925.
Essential fatty acid
Essential fatty acids are dietary fats humans cannot synthesize: linoleic acid (omega-6) and alpha-linolenic acid (omega-3), discovered by George and Mildred Burr in 1929-1930, precursors of arachidonic acid, EPA, and DHA.
Essential fatty acid deficiency
Essential fatty acid deficiency (EFAD) results from inadequate linoleic and alpha-linolenic acid, causing scaly dermatitis and elevated triene:tetraene (Holman) index; seen mainly in fat-free parenteral nutrition and fat malabsorption.
Essential Formulas Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergencies
备急千金要方 (Beiji Qianjin Yaofang, Essential Formulas Worth a Thousand Gold for Emergencies), Sun Simiao's 652 CE Tang dynasty formulary in 30 juan with about 5,300 prescriptions; China's earliest clinical encyclopedia, with the Dayi Jingcheng medical-ethics chapter and a Song-revised edition differing from the original.
Essential fructosuria
Essential fructosuria, also called hepatic fructokinase deficiency or ketohexokinase deficiency (OMIM 229800), is a benign autosomal recessive disorder caused by KHK gene mutations, causing harmless fructose in urine after fructose, sucrose, or sorbitol intake.
Essential Genes
Essential genes are genes necessary for an organism's viability and normal function, also called housekeeping genes. Key facts: bacterial minimum of about 250-300 genes, yeast 1,105 essential genes, JCVI-syn3.0 minimal genome with 473 genes, DEG and OGEE databases.
Essential hypertension
Essential hypertension, also called primary hypertension, is high blood pressure with no identifiable secondary cause, about 90–95% of cases; managed with lifestyle change and drugs to below 130/80 mm Hg.
Essential MCU regulator, mitochondrial
Essential MCU regulator, mitochondrial (EMRE, formerly C22orf32) is a 10 kDa single-pass inner mitochondrial membrane protein, metazoan-specific, required for MCU-mediated calcium uptake and proposed to bridge MICU1/2 to the MCU pore.
Essential myoclonus
Essential myoclonus, also called hereditary essential myoclonus and largely superseded by myoclonus-dystonia (SGCE), is nonprogressive, isolated myoclonus without secondary cause; ICD-11 8A06.0; treated with clonazepam or levetiracetam.
Essential oil
Essential oils are concentrated volatile plant extracts, typically 20–60 compounds, obtained by steam distillation or cold pressing; used in aromatherapy, flavorings, and fragrances, with moderate-confidence evidence mainly for dysmenorrhea pain.
Essential thrombocythemia
Essential thrombocythemia is a chronic blood cancer and myeloproliferative neoplasm in which the bone marrow makes too many platelets, raising the risk of clotting and bleeding.
Essential tremor
Essential tremor (ET), also called benign essential or familial tremor, is the most common tremor disorder, causing bilateral action tremor of the hands, sometimes head or voice; treated with propranolol, primidone, topiramate, DBS, or focused ultrasound.
Essure
Essure was a hysteroscopic permanent female sterilization device (coils placed in the fallopian tubes), FDA-approved in 2002, made by Conceptus and Bayer, and withdrawn from U.S. sale on December 31, 2018 after adverse-event reports and lawsuits.
EST-S-02 trial
EST-S-02 (NCT04093518) is a phase 3, triple-blind Moldovan trial by Tangent Data testing 200-µg estradiol patches vs placebo as antipsychotic add-on in women over 38 with schizophrenia, based on a post hoc age-38 benefit; status unknown, no results.
Estazolam
Estazolam (brand Prosom, discontinued) is a triazolobenzodiazepine hypnotic with a 12-15 hour half-life, FDA approved 1990 for short-term insomnia treatment, DEA Schedule IV, dosed 1 mg (0.5 mg elderly) at bedtime.
Esteban Ballestar
Esteban Ballestar is a Spanish epigeneticist who has led the Epigenetics and Immune Disease Group at the Josep Carreras Research Institute in Barcelona since 2019.
Esteban Domingo
Esteban Domingo, also known as Esteban Domingo Solans, is a Spanish virologist known for establishing the quasispecies concept in RNA virus biology at CSIC in Madrid.
Esteban G. Burchard
Esteban González Burchard is a pulmonary physician-scientist at the University of California, San Francisco known for asthma genetics research in minority children and race-neutral lung function equations.
Esteban Mezey
Esteban Mezey is a gastroenterologist and liver researcher at Johns Hopkins University, known for a 1968 serum alcohol dehydrogenase study and a 2003 vitamin E trial in alcoholic hepatitis.
Esterified propoxylated glycerol
Esterified propoxylated glycerol (EPG, EPOGEE) is a nonabsorbable, triglyceride-like fat replacer with propylene glycol units between glycerol and fatty acids; three FDA GRAS notices (583, 640, 761) cover confectionery, spreadable, and fry-oil uses.
Estetrol anhydrous
Estetrol anhydrous (E4), a plant-derived synthetic copy of the fetal-liver estrogen of pregnancy; estrogen receptor agonist used in Nextstellis/Drovelis combined pills, FDA-approved April 15, 2021.
Esther H. Chang
Esther H. Chang, also known as Esther Chang, is an American molecular oncologist, professor at Georgetown University, known for her 1982 oncogene and 1990 p53 Nature papers.
Esther K. Choo
Esther K. Choo is an American emergency physician and professor at Oregon Health & Science University in Portland, known for her viral 2017 Twitter thread about racist patients.
Esther Lederberg
Esther Lederberg (1922–2006) was an American microbiologist who discovered lysogenic phage lambda in 1951, co-developed replica plating, and helped identify the F fertility factor of E. coli.