72,234 articles
G-banding
G-banding, also called GTG banding, is a chromosome staining technique in which trypsin pretreatment followed by Giemsa staining produces characteristic light and dark bands, allowing identification of every chromosome and detection of structural abnormalities.
G-box binding protein, multifunctional mosaic region
The G-box binding protein, multifunctional mosaic region (MFMR) is a conserved region near the N terminus of plant bZIP transcription factors, proposed to regulate their activity.
G-protein activation
G-protein activation: the GPCR-catalyzed GDP-to-GTP exchange on G alpha that splits the heterotrimer into G alpha-GTP and free G beta-gamma, amplifies signaling, and ends by GTP hydrolysis; Rodbell and Gilman won the 1994 Nobel Prize for its discovery.
G-protein-signaling modulator
G-protein-signaling modulator (GPSM) proteins GPSM1-4 (formerly AGS3, LGN, G18/AGS4, Pcp-2/L7) bind GDP-bound Gαi via GoLoco/GPR motifs as GDIs, regulating GPCR-independent signaling, cell division, immunity, and disease.
G-protein, gamma subunit-like domain
GGL (G-protein gamma subunit-like) domain, found in RGS6, RGS7, RGS9, RGS11 and EGL-10, is a Gγ-homologous alpha-helical domain that obligately binds Gβ5, unlike conventional Gγ subunits.
G-quadruplex
G-quadruplex (G4), four-stranded nucleic acid structure from guanine-rich DNA or RNA, built of stacked G-tetrads stabilized by K+ or Na+. Found at telomeres and promoters; regulates transcription and is targeted by anticancer drugs CX-5461 and QN-302.
G-spot
G-spot (Gräfenberg spot): a putative erogenous area on the anterior vaginal wall, named after Ernst Gräfenberg. Systematic reviews find no agreed anatomical structure; existence, location, and nature remain unproved.
G. Arthur Cooper
G. Arthur Cooper (Gustav Arthur Cooper, 1902–2000) was an American paleobiologist who spent 57 years at the Smithsonian building the world's greatest brachiopod collection and coauthoring Permian Brachiopods of West Texas.
G. Balakrish Nair
G. Balakrish Nair, born 1954, is an Indian microbiologist who discovered the cholera serogroup Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal and received the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize in 1998.
G. Charles Dismukes
G. Charles Dismukes is a chemist in bioinorganic chemistry and solar fuels who joined Rutgers University as a Distinguished Professor in 2009, known for work on photosynthetic water oxidation.
G. Denman Hammond
G. Denman Hammond was an American pediatric hematologist-oncologist at USC and Children's Hospital Los Angeles whose leadership of the Children's Cancer Group from 1968 to 1992 improved childhood leukemia survival.
G. Di Chiara
Gaetano Di Chiara, born in Cagliari in 1951, is an Italian pharmacologist and neuroscientist known for research on dopamine and the neurobiology of drug addiction.
G. Edward Griffin
G. Edward Griffin, born George Edward Griffin in 1931, is an American author and filmmaker known for The Creature from Jekyll Island and conspiracy-oriented books.
G. Evelyn Hutchinson
G. Evelyn Hutchinson (1903–1991) was an English-born American ecologist at Yale University, known for niche theory, limnology, and being called the father of modern ecology.
G. Frederick Wooten
G. Frederick Wooten is an American neurologist and neuroscientist at the University of Virginia School of Medicine, a Parkinson's disease researcher who chaired its neurology department from 1989 to 2007.
G. Gayle Stephens M.D.
G. Gayle Stephens (1928 to 2014) was an American family physician and medical educator who was one of the founders of family medicine in the United States.
G. Marius Clore
G. Marius Clore, also known as Marius Clore, is a London-born biophysicist at the NIH known for pioneering 3D protein structure determination by solution NMR spectroscopy.
G. Michael Felker
G. Michael Felker is an American cardiologist at Duke University who leads clinical trials in heart failure and served as President of the Heart Failure Society of America.
G. Octo Barnett
G. Octo Barnett, born Guy Octo Barnett, was an American physician and medical informatics pioneer who founded the Massachusetts General Hospital Laboratory of Computer Science.
G. Paolo Dotto
Gian Paolo Dotto is a molecular biologist and cancer researcher at Massachusetts General Hospital and the University of Lausanne, known for work on Notch signaling and field cancerization.
G. Petur Nielsen
G. Petur Nielsen, also known as Gunnlaugur Petur Nielsen, is an Icelandic-born American pathologist specializing in bone and soft tissue pathology at Harvard and Massachusetts General Hospital.
G. Philip Robertson
G. Philip Robertson is an American ecosystem scientist at Michigan State University known for research on nitrous oxide emissions and sustainable bioenergy, elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 2025.
G. Richard Dickersin
G. Richard Dickersin, born 1927, is an American pathologist at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard who specialized in diagnostic electron microscopy of soft-tissue and gynecologic tumors.
G. Shirleen Roeder
G. Shirleen Roeder is a Canadian-born molecular geneticist who spent her career at Yale University, where her team's discovery of the synaptonemal complex protein Zip1 advanced meiosis research.
G. Stanley McKnight
G. Stanley McKnight was an American molecular biologist and pharmacology professor at the University of Washington, known for research on steroid hormone regulation of gene expression and PKA signaling.
G. Ulrich Nienhaus
Gerd Ulrich Nienhaus, born 1959 in Cologne, is a German biophysicist who has directed the Institute of Applied Physics at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology since 2009.
G.D. Aurbach
G.D. Aurbach, also known as Gerald D. Aurbach, was an American endocrinologist at the National Institutes of Health known for purifying parathyroid hormone and developing its first radioimmunoassay.
G.E. Rogers
George Ernest Rogers (1927–2021) was an Australian biochemist at CSIRO and the University of Adelaide known for his work on the molecular structure of keratins and the biochemistry of keratinisation.
G.G. Brownlee
George Gow Brownlee, known as G.G. Brownlee, is a British biochemist and emeritus professor at the University of Oxford known for discovering pseudogenes, cloning the factor IX gene, and pioneering influenza reverse genetics.
G0/G1 switch protein 2
G0S2 (G0/G1 switch gene 2 protein), also called G0/G1 switch protein 2, is a 103-amino-acid, 11 kDa vertebrate protein and potent endogenous inhibitor of ATGL that brakes lipolysis in adipose tissue and liver.