Life and health

Gertjan Medema

Gertjan Medema is a Dutch water microbiologist at KWR Water Research Institute and TU Delft, known for pioneering wastewater-based epidemiology and winning the 2024 Lee Kuan Yew Water Prize.

Oct 10, 2026

Gertrud Hurler

Gertrud Hurler, née Zach (1889–1965), was a German pediatrician in Munich whose 1920 paper gave the first widely cited description of Hurler syndrome, the severe form of MPS I.

Gertrud M. Schüpbach is a Swiss-born developmental geneticist at Princeton University whose work on fruit fly oogenesis uncovered the gurken and torpedo signaling genes, a ligand and receptor of the EGF receptor pathway.

Gertrude B. Elion

Gertrude B. Elion was an American biochemist and pharmacologist who designed drugs from nucleic acid metabolism at Burroughs Wellcome, sharing the 1988 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.

Oct 10, 2026

Gertrude Henle

Gertrude Henle (1912–2006) was a German American virologist who, with her husband Werner, proved Epstein-Barr virus causes infectious mononucleosis and linked it to Burkitt lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Gertrude Jekyll

Gertrude Jekyll (1843–1932), British horticulturist, garden designer, and writer; designed or advised on 400+ gardens, wrote 1,000+ articles, first woman to win the RHS Victoria Medal of Honour (1897), lived at Munstead Wood with Lutyens.

Gerty Cori

Gerty Theresa Cori, née Radnitz, was an Austro-Hungarian-born American biochemist at Washington University who shared the 1947 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for glycogen research.

Gervasio A. Lamas

Gervasio A. Lamas is a cardiologist who chairs medicine at Mount Sinai Medical Center in Miami Beach and led the MOST, SAVE PACe, and TACT trials.

Gervillia

Gervillia (Defrance, 1820) is an extinct genus of bakevelliid bivalve mollusks with sword-shaped, inequivalve shells, ranging from the Triassic to the Cretaceous (possibly Paleocene) and cosmopolitan in the Jurassic and Cretaceous.

Gery Guy

Gery P. Guy is an American health economist at the CDC's Division of Overdose Prevention who studies prescription drug dispensing and the costs of substance use and overdose.

Gerygone

Gerygone (gerygones) is a genus of about 20 small insectivorous Australasian songbirds in family Acanthizidae, named by Gould in 1841, ranging from Australia and New Guinea to New Zealand and Southeast Asia.

Gesneriaceae

Gesneriaceae, the gesneriad family, is a largely tropical Lamiales family of about 150 genera and over 3500 species, defined by pair-flowered cymes; includes African violet, gloxinia, and Streptocarpus.

GESPIC study

GESPIC (German Spondyloarthritis Inception Cohort) is a prospective German multicentre cohort begun in 2000 following 525 patients with early axial spondyloarthritis for 10 years, with arms for juvenile, peripheral, Crohn's, uveitis, and axial psoriatic SpA.

Gestalt therapy

Gestalt therapy, founded by Fritz and Laura Perls with Paul Goodman (founding text 1951), is a here-and-now psychotherapy using empty-chair and awareness techniques, influenced by psychoanalysis, Gestalt psychology, and existentialism.

Gestation

Gestation: the period of carrying developing young inside a parent's body, from fertilization to birth. Also called pregnancy or viviparity; evolved over 150 times in vertebrates, once in mammals, with length shaped by body mass, lifespan, and ecology.

Gestational age

Gestational age (GA) measures pregnancy progress in weeks and days from the last menstrual period, not conception; standard 280 days, dated by Naegele's rule or first-trimester crown-rump length ultrasound, most accurate before 14 weeks.

Gestational carrier treatment

Gestational carrier treatment is the clinical management of an IVF cycle in which embryos are transferred to a carrier with no genetic link to the child.

Oct 20, 2026

Gestational choriocarcinoma

Gestational choriocarcinoma, also called GC or GCC, is a malignant pregnancy-related trophoblastic tumor marked by early vascular invasion, lung metastasis, β-hCG secretion, and high cure rates with chemotherapy.

Gestational diabetes

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is diabetes first diagnosed during pregnancy, affecting 5-9% of U.S. pregnancies. Screened at 24-28 weeks by OGCT/OGTT; treated with diet, exercise, insulin; raises later type 2 diabetes risk.

Gestational hypertension

Gestational hypertension, also called pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH), is new-onset BP ≥140/90 mm Hg after 20 weeks of pregnancy without proteinuria; it is temporary, may evolve into preeclampsia, and predicts later hypertension.

Gestational sac

Gestational sac: the fluid-filled chorionic sac in the uterus surrounding the embryo and yolk sac; first ultrasound sign of pregnancy, visible ~5 weeks, grows ~1 mm/day, used in viability and miscarriage criteria.

Gestodene

Gestodene (GSD), a third-generation synthetic progestin developed by Schering, used with ethinylestradiol in combined oral contraceptives such as Femodene and Millinette; most potent progestin per weight, 75 mcg dose, VTE risk about 50-80% higher than levonorgestrel pills, not US-approved.

Get With The Guidelines

Get With The Guidelines (GWTG) is a voluntary hospital quality-improvement registry run by the American Heart Association, with over 2,800 participating US hospitals and 13 million patient records.

Geukensia demissa

Geukensia demissa, the Atlantic ribbed mussel (ribbed mussel, Mytilus demissus), is a Mytilidae salt-marsh bivalve from the Gulf of St. Lawrence to Florida, introduced to San Francisco Bay in 1894, a Spartina mutualist and marsh-accretion engineer.

Geum

Geum (avens) is a genus of perennial herbs in Rosaceae, published by Linnaeus in 1753, with about 46-60 temperate Northern Hemisphere species, hooked two-part styles, and achene heads dispersed by plumose styles.

Geum urbanum

Geum urbanum L. (wood avens, herb bennet) is a perennial Rosaceae herb native from Europe to Central Asia and NW Africa, with small yellow flowers and hooked achenes; its clove-scented eugenol root has traditional medicinal and flavoring uses, and it hybridizes with G. rivale as G. × intermedium.

Gevokizumab

Gevokizumab (XOMA 052, VPM087) is a humanized IgG2 allosteric monoclonal antibody against interleukin-1 beta developed by XOMA and Servier; its phase 3 EYEGUARD-B uveitis trial missed its primary endpoint and the drug was never approved.

Oct 10, 2026

Géza Mansfeld

Géza Mansfeld was a Hungarian physician and pharmacologist, born 1882 and died 1950, who trained two future Nobel laureates and was nominated for the 1928 Nobel Prize in Medicine.

GFAP

GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein), gene on 17q21.31, encodes the type III intermediate filament of mature astrocytes; marker of astrogliosis, cause of Alexander disease, and FDA-authorized blood biomarker for mild traumatic brain injury.