72,234 articles
GFPT1
GFPT1 (GFAT1) is the rate-limiting enzyme of the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway, making UDP-GlcNAc for glycosylation; mutations cause congenital myasthenic syndrome 12 and overexpression drives cancer metabolism.
GFRA1
GFRA1 (GDNF family receptor alpha 1, also GDNFR-alpha, RETL1) is a human chromosome 10q25.3 gene encoding a GPI-anchored receptor that binds GDNF and neurturin and activates RET, with roles in kidney, enteric nervous system, and cancer.
GGDEF domain
GGDEF domain: conserved bacterial diguanylate cyclase domain (Gly-Gly-Asp-Glu-Phe motif) synthesizing second messenger c-di-GMP from two GTP as an obligate homodimer; regulates biofilm, motility, virulence; absent from archaea and mammals.
GGSH-MC trial
GGSH-MC (Guided Growth in Spastic Hip - Multicenter Study, NCT06956729) is a Spanish multicenter randomized controlled trial testing proximal femoral guided growth plus standard care versus standard care in children aged 3-8 with spastic cerebral palsy and hip migration of 30-60%.
GH1
GH1 (growth hormone 1, GH-N, hGH-N) is the human chromosome 17q23.3 gene encoding pituitary growth hormone, a 191-amino-acid somatotropin. It sits in a five-gene cluster with GH2, CSH1, CSH2, CSHL1; mutations cause isolated growth hormone deficiency and short stature.
Gharial
The gharial (Gavialis gangeticus), also called the fish-eating crocodile, is a critically endangered fish-eating crocodilian of northern India and Nepal, with about 650 mature adults surviving in 14 river populations.
Ghassan Abu-Sittah (غسان سليمان أبو ستة)
Ghassan Abu-Sittah (غسان أبو ستة), born 1969 in Kuwait, is a British-Palestinian plastic and reconstructive surgeon, AUB Conflict Medicine Program founder, 43-day Gaza war surgeon in 2023, and rector of the University of Glasgow.
Ghassan K. Abou‐Alfa
Ghassan K. Abou-Alfa is a medical oncologist at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center who specializes in primary liver cancer and led the CELESTIAL cabozantinib trial.
Ghebre E. Tzeghai
Ghebre (Gabe) E. Tzeghai is an American pharmaceutical and consumer-health scientist who spent over 18 years in R&D at Procter & Gamble before co-founding Summit Innovation Labs in Ohio.
Ghillie Dhu
Ghillie Dhu (Gille Dubh), Scottish folklore's solitary forest fairy of Gairloch, a dark-haired guardian in moss and leaves who guides lost children home and gave the ghillie suit its name.
Ghislaine Dehaene-Lambertz
Ghislaine Dehaene-Lambertz is a French pediatrician and cognitive neuroscientist who directs the developmental neuroimaging laboratory at Neurospin, known for showing adult-like speech processing in three-month-old infants.
Ghosal hematodiaphyseal dysplasia
Ghosal hematodiaphyseal dysplasia (Ghosal syndrome, OMIM 231095) is a rare autosomal recessive TBXAS1-related disorder combining metadiaphyseal sclerosis of long bones with corticosteroid-responsive anemia from bone marrow fibrosis, mainly in Middle Eastern and Indian subcontinent populations.
Ghost crab
Ghost crab (Ocypode, Atlantic ghost crab Ocypode quadrata): pale nocturnal burrowing crab of tropical and subtropical sandy beaches; 21 species; runs up to 10 mph; apex beach invertebrate predator and widely used bioindicator of human beach impacts.
Ghost pepper
Ghost pepper, also called Bhut Jolokia or Naga Jolokia, is a northeast Indian chili hybrid of C. chinense and C. frutescens measuring 855,000–1,041,427 SHU; Guinness hottest-pepper record holder in 2007 for four years.
Ghost population
Ghost population: an unsampled or extinct population inferred from gene flow signatures in sampled genomes; term coined by Beerli 2004; includes African ghost archaic ancestry and super-archaic lineages.
Ghrelin
Ghrelin is a 28-amino-acid acylated stomach peptide hormone, the endogenous GHS-R1a ligand discovered by Kojima in 1999, named from Proto-Indo-European "ghre" (grow); it stimulates growth hormone release and hunger.
GI cocktail
GI cocktail: a mixed oral dose of liquid antacid, viscous lidocaine, and sometimes an anticholinergic (nicknamed pink lady) once given in emergency departments for dyspepsia; trials show no benefit over plain antacid.
GI-1
GI-1, also written GI1, is a permanent human cancer cell line established in 1992 from a gliosarcoma of the brain, a tumor with both glial and connective-tissue components, at Kyoto University.
Gia Voeltz
Gia Voeltz is an American cell biologist at the University of Colorado Boulder and a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator, known for her work on membrane contact sites.
Giacomo Cavalli
Giacomo Cavalli (born 1965 in Cremona, Italy) is an Italian-French molecular biologist studying epigenetic inheritance and 3D genome organization; he leads the Chromatin and Cell Biology team at CNRS's Institut de Génétique Humaine in Montpellier.
Giacomo Rizzolatti
Giacomo Rizzolatti is an Italian neuroscientist, emeritus professor of Human Physiology at the University of Parma, known for discovering mirror neurons and winning the 2025 International Prize for Biology.
Giampaolo Merlini
Giampaolo Merlini is an Italian physician-scientist and Professor of Clinical Biochemistry at the University of Pavia who founded its Amyloidosis Research and Treatment Center and shaped AL amyloidosis treatment.
Gian Carlo Viberti
Gian Carlo Viberti is a British diabetologist and Emeritus Professor of Diabetes at King's College London, known for research on microalbuminuria and diabetic kidney disease.
Gian Franco Bottazzo
Gian Franco Bottazzo (1946–2017) was an Italian immunologist who discovered islet cell antibodies in 1974, establishing type 1 diabetes as an autoimmune disease and enabling its prediction.
Gian Gaetano Tartaglia
Gian Gaetano Tartaglia (born 1976) is an Italian computational biologist at the Italian Institute of Technology in Genoa, known for the catRAPID algorithm predicting protein–RNA interactions.
Gian Gastone Neri Serneri
Gian Gastone Neri Serneri (1925–2020) was an Italian physician and professor of internal medicine at Florence whose clinical trials established low-dose heparin for unstable angina.
Giancarlo Agnelli
Giancarlo Agnelli is an Italian physician-scientist, Professor of Internal Medicine at the University of Perugia, known for leading clinical trials of anticoagulants including the Caravaggio trial.
Giancarlo Comi
Giancarlo Comi (1947–2024) was an Italian neurologist and multiple sclerosis researcher who led defining phase 3 trials, co-founded the European Charcot Foundation, and won the 2015 Charcot Award.
Giancarlo Viberti
Giancarlo Viberti is an emeritus professor of diabetes at King's College London who established microalbuminuria as a predictor of diabetic kidney disease and led landmark drug trials.
Gianfranco Alpini
Gianfranco Alpini is an American hepatology researcher known for work on cholangiocyte biology, the ductular reaction, and bile duct diseases, based at Texas A&M from 1994 and later Indiana University.