72,234 articles
Glass sponge morphology and siliceous skeleton
Glass sponges, class Hexactinellida, are deep-water sponges defined by skeletons of opaline silica spicules built on the six-rayed hexactin, and by syncytial rather than cellular soft tissue.
Glass sponge physiology and reproduction
Glass sponges are deep-sea filter feeders whose syncytial bodies lack nerves and muscles; they arrest pumping electrically, grow 1 to 9 cm yearly, and live up to 500 years.
Glaucidium
Glaucidium (pygmy-owls, owlets), F. Boie 1826, is a genus of small Strigidae owls in Surniinae, spanning Eurasia, Africa, and the Americas; species counts rose from 12–13 to about 29–32 as vocal and molecular studies split taxa.
Glaucidium passerinum
Glaucidium passerinum, the Eurasian pygmy owl (Sperlingskauz, sóweczka), Europe's smallest owl, a diurnal-dusk hunter of voles and birds in boreal and montane conifer forests, caching prey in cavities; IUCN Least Concern.
Glaucidium siju
Glaucidium siju, the Cuban pygmy-owl (Sijú Platanero), a small Strigidae owl endemic to Cuba, resident, fairly common, Least Concern (2024), EOO 222,000 km², three subspecies, decreasing trend from forest loss.
Glauco P. Tocchini‐Valentini
Glauco P. Tocchini-Valentini is an Italian molecular biologist at Italy's National Research Council, known for defining the split promoter of eukaryotic tRNA genes and RNA maturation enzymes.
Glaucoma
Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases damaging the optic nerve and causing irreversible vision loss; types include open-angle (9 in 10 US cases), angle-closure, congenital, and normal-tension glaucoma, treated by pressure-lowering drops, laser, and surgery.
Glaucoma drainage implant surgery
Glaucoma drainage implant surgery implants a tube and plate that drain fluid from the eye's anterior chamber to a reservoir, lowering pressure; common devices include the Ahmed valve and Baerveldt implant.
Glaucoma Drainage Implants
Glaucoma drainage implants (aqueous shunts, tube shunts; Molteno, Baerveldt, Ahmed) are silicone tube-and-plate devices that drain aqueous humor to lower eye pressure in refractory glaucoma, in valved and non-valved designs.
Glaucoma filtration surgery
Glaucoma filtration surgery is an operation that creates a permanent drainage channel for aqueous humor, forming a filtering bleb that lowers intraocular pressure in glaucoma.
Glaucoma suspect
Glaucoma suspect (borderline glaucoma; ICD-11 9C60, ICD-10 H40.0): a person with elevated IOP, suspicious optic nerve, visual field, or angle findings, or family history, at risk of future glaucoma but not yet glaucomatous.
Glaucoma-ectopia lentis-microspherophakia-stiff joints-short stature syndrome
GEMSS syndrome (glaucoma-ectopia lentis-microspherophakia-stiff joints-short stature), also called Weill-Marchesani syndrome 2, is a rare autosomal dominant FBN1-related disorder with lens dislocation, glaucoma, short stature, and progressive joint stiffness.
Glaucomatocyclitic crisis disease
Glaucomatocyclitic crisis disease, or Posner-Schlossman syndrome, a rare recurrent unilateral inflammatory glaucoma with IOP spikes of 40-50 mm Hg, mild uveitis, open angles, and CMV association.
Glaucomatous optic neuropathy
Glaucomatous optic neuropathy is the characteristic optic nerve damage in glaucoma, marked by progressive retinal ganglion cell death, optic nerve head excavation, and visual field loss.
Glaucomys
Glaucomys, the New World flying squirrels, is the only flying squirrel genus outside Eurasia, in tribe Pteromyini. Species: G. sabrinus, G. volans, and G. oregonensis, split from G. sabrinus in 2017.
Glaucus atlanticus
Glaucus atlanticus (blue sea dragon, blue dragon) is a small pelagic aeolid nudibranch of the family Glaucidae that floats upside down at the ocean surface, eats Portuguese man o' war, and stores stolen nematocysts in its cerata.
GLB1
GLB1 (galactosidase beta 1, chromosome 3p22.3) encodes lysosomal beta-galactosidase and, via alternative splicing, elastin-binding protein; deficiency causes GM1 gangliosidosis types I-III and Morquio B disease (MPS IVB).
GLC-4
GLC-4 (CVCL_0279, GLC4) is a human small cell lung carcinoma cell line from a male pleural effusion metastasis, TP53-mutant, parent of drug-resistant sublines GLC4/ADR, GLC4-CDDP, and GLC4-MITO used in multidrug resistance research.
Gleason grading system
Gleason grading system: prostate cancer histological grading summing primary and secondary pattern grades (1-5) into a score, now reported as ISUP Grade Groups 1-5, with known observer variability and grade inflation.
Gleb Edward Shtengel
Gleb Edward Shtengel is a Senior Scientist at HHMI's Janelia Research Campus who develops super-resolution and correlative light and electron microscopy methods for cell biology.
Glecaprevir
Glecaprevir (ABT-493), with pibrentasvir as Mavyret/Maviret, is an AbbVie HCV NS3/4A protease inhibitor approved 2017; pangenotypic 8-week regimen, contraindicated in Child-Pugh B/C hepatic impairment.
Glechoma
Glechoma (Lamiaceae) is a genus of stoloniferous perennial herbs native to temperate Eurasia, with four to eight species including ground ivy (Glechoma hederacea), a tetraploid (2n=36) lawn weed introduced to North America.
Glechoma hederacea
Glechoma hederacea, ground ivy or creeping Charlie, is a creeping perennial mint native to Europe and Siberia, introduced to North America by 1672, toxic to horses, and a hard-to-control lawn weed.
Glecirasib citrate tablets
Glecirasib citrate tablets (枸橼酸戈来雷塞片, Ailikai) are an oral KRAS G12C inhibitor (JAB-21822) by Jacobio/Allist, approved in China May 2025 for previously treated KRAS G12C-mutated advanced NSCLC; phase II ORR 47.9%, mPFS 8.2 months.
Gleditsia
Gleditsia (locusts, honeylocusts) is a genus of 13 accepted spiny deciduous legume trees in Fabaceae, native to Asia, North and South America; honey locust G. triacanthos is widely cultivated.
Gleicheniaceae
Gleicheniaceae, the forking ferns (Chinese li bai ke, 里白科), is a pantropical leptosporangiate fern family of about 157 species in eight genera, defined by pseudodichotomous fronds, exindusiate sori, and a fossil record reaching the Palaeozoic.
Glen Barber
Glen Barber is an English-born molecular immunologist and cancer biologist who discovered the STING DNA-sensing pathway in 2008, a Fellow of the Royal Society now at Ohio State.
Glenda Elisabeth Gray
Glenda Elisabeth Gray is a South African physician-scientist known for HIV vaccine research and preventing mother-to-child HIV transmission; she led the SAMRC from 2014 to 2024.
Glenda M. Halliday
Glenda M. Halliday is an Australian neuroscientist and neuropathologist at Neuroscience Research Australia and the University of Sydney, known for research on Parkinson's disease and Lewy body dementia.
Glenmark Pharmaceuticals
Glenmark Pharmaceuticals Limited (NSE: GLENMARK), Indian pharma company founded 1977 by Gracias Saldanha; formulations and APIs in 80+ countries; known for Ryaltris, Winlevi, ISB 2001 AbbVie deal, and FDA warning letters.