Volcanoes and volcanic landforms

1993 Galeras eruption

The 1993 Galeras eruption was a sudden explosive eruption of Galeras volcano in southwestern Colombia on January 14, 1993, killing six volcanologists and three tourists during a workshop field trip.

1994 eruption of Nevado del Huila

The 1994 event at Nevado del Huila, though not a volcanic eruption, was a magnitude 6.4 earthquake on 6 June 1994 that triggered landslides and a deadly lahar in Colombia.

2002 Nyiragongo eruption

The 2002 Nyiragongo eruption was a flank eruption of Nyiragongo volcano in the Democratic Republic of the Congo that sent lava through Goma on 17 January 2002.

2006 eruption of Mayon

The 2006 eruption of Mayon, in Albay, Philippines, was a Vulcanian-Strombolian event from July to October 2006, followed by deadly lahars after Super-typhoon Reming struck.

2010 eruption of Merapi

The 2010 eruption of Merapi was a VEI 4 eruption in Central Java, Indonesia, from 26 October to 29 November 2010 that killed over 350 people.

2010 eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull

The 2010 eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull were two connected eruptions of the ice-capped Eyjafjallajökull volcano in southern Iceland, whose ash cloud closed much of European airspace.

2018 eruption of Fuego

The 2018 eruption of Fuego was a deadly explosive eruption of Volcán de Fuego in Guatemala on 3 June 2018, killing hundreds in San Miguel Los Lotes.

2019 Whakaari / White Island eruption

The 2019 Whakaari / White Island eruption, a phreatic explosion on 9 December 2019, killed 22 of the 47 tourists and guides on the New Zealand volcano.

2021 Cumbre Vieja volcanic eruption

The 2021 Cumbre Vieja volcanic eruption was an eruption on La Palma in the Canary Islands, Spain, that lasted 85 days and destroyed about 3,000 buildings.

2021 Mount Nyiragongo eruption

The 2021 Mount Nyiragongo eruption was a flank eruption of Nyiragongo volcano in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, beginning on 22 May 2021 and killing 32 people.

2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai eruption and tsunami

The 2022 Hunga Tonga–Hunga Haʻapai eruption and tsunami was a violent submarine volcano eruption in Tonga on 15 January 2022, generating tsunamis across the Pacific.

2023–2025 Sundhnúkur eruptions

The 2023–2025 Sundhnúkur eruptions were a sequence of nine fissure eruptions in the Svartsengi volcanic system on Iceland's Reykjanes Peninsula, near the evacuated town of Grindavík.

450 eruption of Ilopango

The 450 eruption of Ilopango was the Tierra Blanca Joven eruption of the Ilopango caldera in central El Salvador, a VEI 6 event precisely dated to 431 CE.

946 eruption of Mount Paektu

The 946 eruption of Mount Paektu, also called the Millennium Eruption, was a large eruption of the Changbaishan volcano on the North Korea–China border in late 946.

Alligator Lake volcanic complex, Yukon, Canada: a basaltic volcanic field 30 km southwest of Whitehorse with two cinder cones on a small shield volcano, 2,217 m summit, ~3 Ma age, no known Holocene eruptions.

Almolonga

Almolonga (Volcán de Almolonga, Cerro Quemado) is a 3,173 m Guatemalan stratovolcano with a late-Pleistocene caldera near Quezaltenango; last erupted 1818, VEI 2, with a fatal 1991 geothermal landslide.

Alney-Chashakondzha

Alney-Chashakondzha (Алней-Чашаконджa), volcano 300450, is a glacier-capped twin stratovolcano complex in Kamchatka's Sredinny Range: Alney 2,598 m and Chashakondzha 2,526 m on a Pliocene shield, Holocene-active, last eruption 1600 CE.

An'ei eruption of Mount Sakurajima

The An'ei eruption of Mount Sakurajima (安永噴火) was a large flank eruption that began in 1779 in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan, killing about 150 people and creating the An'ei Islands.

Andahua-Orcopampa

Andahua-Orcopampa, the Valley of the Volcanoes, is a monogenetic volcanic field in southern Peru's Central Volcanic Zone: a 60 x 60 km scoria cone and lava field, 4,713 m high, last erupting 1490 CE.

Andrus

Andrus (Mount Andrus), volcano 390023, is a 2,978 m trachytic shield volcano with a 4.5 km caldera in the Ames Range, Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica; no Holocene eruptions are known.

Antillanca Volcanic Complex

The Antillanca Volcanic Complex is a volcanic field in the southern Andes of Chile, southeast of Lago Puyehue, whose highest peak is the Casablanca stratovolcano.

Arenal Volcano

Arenal Volcano, also known as Volcán Arenal, is an andesitic stratovolcano in northwestern Costa Rica near La Fortuna, known for its 42-year eruption from 1968 to 2010.

Arhab, Harra of

The Harra of Arhab, also known as the Sana'a volcanic field, is a volcanic field in Yemen north of Sana'a that last erupted around 500 CE.

Armero tragedy

The Armero tragedy was the burial of the Colombian town of Armero by volcanic mudflows from Nevado del Ruiz on 13 November 1985, killing about 23,000 people.

Ashikule Volcanic Field

Ashikule Volcanic Field (阿什库勒火山群, Kunlun Volcanic Group): a ~5,000 m-high cluster of ~10 trachyandesitic cones in the western Kunlun Mountains, Xinjiang, site of China's most recent eruption, Ashishan, 27 May 1951.

Atakor Volcanic Field

Atakor Volcanic Field, Hoggar (Ahaggar) volcanic province, southern Algeria: the province's largest volcanic field, 2,150 km2, Mount Tahat 2,918 m, Quaternary scoria cones, lava domes, and necks with credible but undated recent eruptions.

Atlin Volcanic Field

Atlin Volcanic Field (Surprise Lake and Llangorse volcanic fields) is a late-Pleistocene to Holocene cluster of alkaline cinder cones on the Teslin Plateau, NW British Columbia; largest cone Ruby Mountain, 1,880 m; a reported 1898 eruption is uncertain, with no field evidence.