5,021 articles
Multiproxy analysis
Multiproxy analysis is a paleoclimate method that combines independent proxies, such as tree rings, pollen, and isotopes, to reconstruct past temperature as a single curve with quantified uncertainty.
Multivariate ENSO Index
The Multivariate ENSO Index (MEI) is a bimonthly index monitoring the El Niño/Southern Oscillation by combining ocean and atmosphere variables, introduced by Klaus Wolter and Michael Timlin in 1993.
Muon tomography
Muon tomography, also called muography, is an imaging technique that uses naturally occurring cosmic-ray muons to see inside large opaque objects such as volcanoes, pyramids, mines, and nuclear reactors.
Muschelkalk
Muschelkalk, German for "bivalve limestone," is a Middle Triassic marine rock unit deposited across Central Europe for about six million years, forming the middle part of the Germanic Triassic with the Buntsandstein and Keuper.
Muscovite
Muscovite, also called white mica or Muscovy-glass, is the most common rock-forming potassium mica, occurring in schists and granites and splitting into transparent sheets valued for electrical insulation.
Musselwhite mine
Musselwhite mine is an underground gold mine on Opapimiskan Lake in northwestern Ontario, about 500 km north of Thunder Bay, operating since 1997 and owned by Equinox Gold.
Mutnovsky
Mutnovsky (Мутновский) is an active basaltic complex volcano of four coalescing stratovolcanoes in southern Kamchatka, Russia, 70–80 km southwest of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, with frequent phreatic eruptions, a 2000 VEI 2 event, and a geothermal power plant on its slopes.
Mylonite
Mylonite is a fine-grained, cohesive, foliated fault rock formed by ductile deformation in shear zones, coined by Charles Lapworth in 1885 along Scotland's Moine Thrust.
NAAMES
NAAMES, the North Atlantic Aerosols and Marine Ecosystems Study, was a NASA field campaign studying how Atlantic plankton affect aerosols and clouds from 2015 to 2018.
Naga fireball
Naga fireballs, also known as Mekong lights, are glowing balls of light reported to rise from the Mekong River on the full moon night each October.
Nankai Trough
The Nankai Trough (南海トラフ) is an oceanic trench off southwest Japan where the Philippine Sea Plate subducts beneath the Eurasian plate, producing recurring magnitude-8 earthquakes.
Nanushuk play
The Nanushuk play is an oil exploration play on Alaska's North Slope, with reservoirs in the Cretaceous Nanushuk Formation, reopened by the 2013 Pikka discovery.
Naolinco Volcanic Field
Naolinco Volcanic Field (Naolinca de Victoria Volcanic Field), a Quaternary monogenetic volcanic field of pyroclastic cones and basaltic flows in the Sierra de Chiconquiaco, Veracruz, Mexico; last erupted about 1145 CE from El Volcancillo, whose Río Naolinco pāhoehoe flow ran 50 km.
Nappe
A nappe is a large, sheet-like body of rock that has moved far from its original position by thrust faulting or recumbent folding, a structure typical of mountain ranges.
Nash cascade
The Nash cascade is a hydrological model proposed by J. E. Nash in 1957 that routes rainfall through a series of linear reservoirs to derive the instantaneous unit hydrograph.
Nash–Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient
The Nash–Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient, or NSE, is a hydrology metric introduced by Nash and Sutcliffe in 1970 that measures how well simulated streamflow matches observations.
Natalka
Natalka (Наталка) is a large orogenic gold deposit and open-pit mine in the Magadan Region of the Russian Far East, discovered in 1942 and operated by PJSC Polyus through Polyus Magadan.
National Center for Atmospheric Research
The National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) is a federally funded research center in Boulder, Colorado, established in 1960 and sponsored by the National Science Foundation.
National Center for Science Education
The National Center for Science Education is an Oakland, California nonprofit founded in 1982 that defends accurate teaching of evolution and climate change in schools.
National Data Buoy Center
The National Data Buoy Center is a NOAA National Weather Service organization, named in 1971 and based at Stennis Space Center, Mississippi, that maintains the world's largest real-time marine observation network.
National Hurricane Center
The National Hurricane Center (NHC) is a US government office in Miami, part of NOAA's National Weather Service, that forecasts tropical cyclones in the Atlantic and eastern North Pacific.
National hydrographic services and their surveyors
National hydrographic services are government agencies that survey a country's waters and produce its nautical charts, coordinated by the International Hydrographic Organization, with surveyors trained under IHO-recognized programs.
National Institute of Hydrology (India)
The National Institute of Hydrology (NIH; राष्ट्रीय जलविज्ञान संस्थान) is India's autonomous hydrology research society, established in 1978 and headquartered at Roorkee, Uttarakhand, under the Ministry of Jal Shakti.
National Institute of Oceanography, India
The National Institute of Oceanography, also known as the Indian National Institute of Oceanography, is an autonomous research institute of CSIR in Goa, India, established in 1966.
National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research
The National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA) was a New Zealand Crown Research Institute, established in 1992, that researched freshwater, oceans, the atmosphere, and climate.
National Oceanography Centre
The National Oceanography Centre (NOC) is the United Kingdom's lead research institution for marine science, based in Southampton and Liverpool and running the research ships Discovery and James Cook.
National Science Foundation Ice Core Facility
The National Science Foundation Ice Core Facility, formerly the National Ice Core Laboratory, is a US repository in Lakewood, Colorado, storing over 22,000 meters of ice cores.
National traditions in oceanography
National traditions in oceanography are the characteristic ways countries organize the study of the sea through institutions, expeditions, funding, and training, compared across the United States, the Soviet Union, India, and France.
National Weather Association
The National Weather Association (NWA) is a United States nonprofit professional association, incorporated in 1975 to promote operational meteorology; it publishes the Journal of Operational Meteorology and certifies weathercasters.
National Weather Service
The National Weather Service, formerly the United States Weather Bureau, is a US federal agency within NOAA that issues weather forecasts, warnings, and climate data from Silver Spring, Maryland.