2,436 articles
Eighty Mile Beach
Eighty Mile Beach, Western Australia: a 220 km coastline and Mandora Salt Marsh Ramsar site (no. 480, listed 1990, 175,487 ha) between Port Hedland and Broome, a major East Asian-Australasian flyway shorebird stop-over supporting up to 500,000 birds.
Ein Gedi (עין גדי)
Ein Gedi (עין גדי), a spring-fed oasis on the Dead Sea's western shore in the Judean Desert, a nature reserve since 1971 with four springs, ancient irrigation, a synagogue, and 2025 flood restoration.
El Charco de Bristol
El Charco de Bristol (Charca de Brístol) is a small 100 m coastal lagoon and salt marsh in Corralejo, La Oliva, Fuerteventura, Canary Islands; the island's only Sarcocornia perennis site, an IBA wading-bird wetland, and a dog-friendly beach.
El Tatio
El Tatio is a geyser field at about 4,300 m elevation in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile, one of the world's largest, with over 80 thermal features across 10 km2, studied geysers El Jefe and El Cobreloa, and community co-management since 2006.
Elbe
The Elbe (Czech: Labe) is a 1,094-km Central European river rising in the Giant Mountains and draining to the North Sea; its 148,268 km² basin serves Hamburg's port, with documented pollution recovery after 1990 and severe 2025–2026 low water.
Eling Lake
Eling Lake (鄂陵湖, Ngoring Lake, Tibetan Cuoelang) is a large high-altitude freshwater lake in the Yellow River headwaters, Qinghai; a Ramsar site (no. 1436, 659 km²) with endemic fish, black-necked cranes, and Sanjiangyuan protection.
Emerald Lake (British Columbia)
Emerald Lake, British Columbia: the largest lake in Yoho National Park, named in 1900 for its rock-flour blue-green water; trails, canoe rental, lodge, and current watercraft closures.
Emerald Lakes
Emerald Lakes (Ngā Rotopounamu) are three sacred blue-green crater lakes below Red Crater on the Tongariro Alpine Crossing, New Zealand; mineral-colored, acidic water, tapu to Ngāti Hikairo ki Tongariro.
Emergency Wetlands Resources Act
Emergency Wetlands Resources Act of 1986, Pub. L. 99-645 (16 U.S.C. ch. 59), a US wetland conservation law: defines wetlands by hydric soils, hydrophytic vegetation and hydrology, opens Land and Water Conservation Fund money for wetland acquisition, and creates the National Wetlands Priority Conservation Plan.
Endurance (1912 ship)
Endurance (1912 ship), originally Polaris, was Shackleton's three-masted barquentine, crushed by Weddell Sea pack ice in 1915; its intact wreck was found in 2022 at 3,008 m and is protected as Antarctic HSM No. 93.
English
English (English River), a 615 km dam-unregulated river in northwestern Ontario's Kenora and Thunder Bay districts; protected by the Upper English River Conservation Reserve and East English River Provincial Park, with a mercury legacy downstream of Dryden.
English Channel
The English Channel (La Manche) is the 560 km arm of the Atlantic between England and France, ending at the Strait of Dover; a megaflood-carved, heavily trafficked waterway with the 50 km Channel Tunnel and 153 marine protected areas.
English Strait
English Strait (Estrecho Inglés) is a 17 km long, 2 km wide strait between Greenwich and Robert Islands in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, named since at least 1822.
Environmental issues of the Black Sea
The environmental issues of the Black Sea center on its anoxic, hydrogen sulfide deep waters, plus overfishing, eutrophication, the Mnemiopsis invasion, and war damage since 2022.
Erebus and Terror Gulf
Erebus and Terror Gulf is a gulf of the Weddell Sea at the northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula, named after Ross's ships HMS Erebus and HMS Terror.
Erebus Fracture Zone
Erebus Fracture Zone, a Southern Ocean seafloor fracture zone in the GEBCO gazetteer, named for HMS Erebus of the Ross Expedition; proposed by Steven C. Cande in 1995, depths 3,400 to 4,000 m.
Erhai Lake
Erhai Lake (洱海) is China's seventh largest freshwater lake and Yunnan's second largest plateau lake, at Dali. Mesotrophic, phosphorus-limited since 2006, with blooms in 1996, 2003, and 2013 and Grade II–III water quality since 2018.
Errera Channel
Errera Channel (Chenal d'Errera) is a 9 km Antarctic channel between Rongé Island and the Danco Coast of Graham Land at 64°43'S, 62°36'W, charted by de Gerlache's 1897-99 Belgian expedition and named for Leo Errera.
Esfahan (protected area)
Esfahan (FEOW ecoregion 449) is a freshwater ecoregion covering the endorheic Zayandeh River basin of central Iran, draining to the Gavkhuni salt marsh, with poor taxonomic exploration and a Critically Endangered endemic tooth-carp.
Essequibo (landform)
The Essequibo is Guyana's largest river, rising in the Acarai Mountains near Brazil and flowing north through rainforest and savannah to a wide estuary on the Atlantic Ocean.
Estero Real - Tempisque
Estero Real - Tempisque: freshwater ecoregion 204 of tropical and subtropical coastal rivers on Central America's Pacific coast, from the Golfo de Fonseca to the Golfo de Nicoya across Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica; no known endemic fishes; about 12.47% protected.
Estuaries of New Zealand
New Zealand's estuaries are partly enclosed coastal waters where rivers meet the sea; about 301 exist, formed about 6,500 years ago, with Kaipara Harbour the largest.
Estuaries of South Africa
The estuaries of South Africa are about 290 river-mouth systems, mostly small and intermittently closed by sandbars; Lake St Lucia alone holds over half the country's estuarine area.
Estuary
Estuary: a semi-enclosed coastal water body, also called a ria or drowned river valley, where seawater is measurably diluted by fresh river water; brackish nurseries of the sea supporting most U.S. fish catches.
Estuary of the St. Lawrence
The Estuary of the St. Lawrence is the 400-km brackish section of the St. Lawrence River in Quebec, running from Île d'Orléans near Quebec City to Pointe-des-Monts.
Eternal Flame Falls
Eternal Flame Falls (Chestnut Ridge Falls), in Shale Creek Preserve, Chestnut Ridge Park, Orchard Park, New York: a 30-foot two-tier waterfall with a methane-fed natural gas flame burning in a grotto behind it, relit by hikers when it goes out.
Eucalyptus camaldulensis
Eucalyptus camaldulensis, the river red gum or Murray red gum, is an Australian Myrtaceae tree of watercourses and floodplains, the most widely distributed eucalypt with seven subspecies, flood- and groundwater-dependent, and widely planted and invasive abroad.
Euphrates
The Euphrates is western Asia's longest river, rising in Turkey and flowing through Syria and Iraq to join the Tigris; 2,786 km long, 25 billion m³ annual flow, central to Mesopotamian civilization and modern water disputes.
Euripus Strait
Euripus Strait (Euripos), at Chalkida, Greece, separates Euboea from the mainland; 40 m wide, 8.5 m deep, with strong reversing semi-diurnal tidal currents reaching about 2.5 m/s, studied since Aristotle and assessed for tidal energy.
European colonization of the Americas
European colonization of the Americas: the Spanish, Portuguese, English, French, and Dutch settlement of the Western Hemisphere from Columbus's 1492 voyages, covering encomienda, demographic collapse, and colonial models.