2,436 articles
European eel
European eel (Anguilla anguilla), a catadromous fish spawning in the Sargasso Sea; critically endangered with 90-95% recruitment decline since the 1980s, subject to EU closures and ICES zero-catch advice.
Eutsuk Lake
Eutsuk Lake, a 24,500 ha lake in North Tweedsmuir Provincial Park, central British Columbia, at 860 m elevation near Nechako River headwaters; Carrier-language name; largest road-inaccessible BC lake, famed for large piscivorous rainbow trout.
Everglades
The Everglades, the subtropical "River of Grass" wetland of southern Florida, once covered nearly 11,000 square miles; about half remains, and the 2000 Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan, now projected above $23 billion, seeks to restore its water flows.
Exasperation Inlet
Exasperation Inlet is a large ice-filled inlet, 16 miles wide, on the Oscar II Coast of Graham Land, Antarctic Peninsula, between Foyn Point and Cape Disappointment; named by FIDS in 1947-1949 after disturbed shelf ice hampered sledging.
Exploration of North America
Exploration of North America: European voyages from the Norse landings at L'Anse aux Meadows (Vinland, AD 1021) through Columbus, Spanish and French expeditions, colonial settlement, and the Lewis and Clark crossing.
Eyasi
Lake Eyasi is a shallow soda lake with strongly alkaline water in northern Tanzania, flanked by the Mbulu and Ngorongoro Highlands and known for flamingos, the Hadza people, and Pleistocene fossil sites.
Eyre Peninsula
Eyre Peninsula, South Australia's largest peninsula (about 70,000 km² west of Adelaide), is a major agriculture and seafood region centred on Port Lincoln, producing all of Australia's farmed southern bluefin tuna and most of the state's oysters, mussels, and abalone.
Eyre South
Lake Eyre South (Kati Thanda) is the smaller southern section of Lake Eyre, Australia's largest salt lake, in far northern South Australia. It measures 64 by 24 km, connects to Lake Eyre North via the Goyder Channel, and fills only when the north lake exceeds two metres deep.
Fagne
Fagne is a French and Walloon word for a small boggy marsh on high ground in the Ardennes, fitting peat bogs so well it became their standard local name.
Falkland Plateau
Falkland Plateau: submarine plateau in the southern South Atlantic extending east from the Falkland Islands, bounded by the Agulhas-Falkland Fracture Zone and North Scotia Ridge; continental at both ends with thick oceanic crust in its basin.
Fallières Coast
The Fallières Coast, also called Fallières Land, is part of Graham Land's western shoreline on the Antarctic Peninsula, stretching from Bourgeois Fjord to Cape Jeremy and fronting Marguerite Bay.
False Bay
False Bay: name of two bays, the 4-mi bay between Barnard Point and Miers Bluff on Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands (also Falsa, bahía), and the 41-km-wide Valsbaai at South Africa's Cape Peninsula; both named for confusion with neighboring bays.
Farewell Spit
Farewell Spit (Onetahua) is New Zealand's longest sand spit, 25 km, at the northern tip of the South Island; a Ramsar wetland, bird sanctuary, pilot whale stranding site, and home to an 1870 lighthouse.
Feather River
Feather River: major Sierra Nevada tributary of the Sacramento River in Northern California, 4,400-square-mile watershed. Site of Bidwell's 1848 gold strike, Oroville Dam (State Water Project keystone), and salmon hatchery and gravel restoration.
Fen
A fen is a peat-forming wetland fed by groundwater and mineral soil drainage rather than rain, making it less acidic and more nutrient-rich than a bog.
Fildes Strait
Fildes Strait: narrow Antarctic strait between Fildes Peninsula, King George Island and Nelson Island, South Shetland Islands; about 370-800 m wide, named for sealing captain Robert Fildes, known to sealers since about 1822.
Filipendula ulmaria
Filipendula ulmaria, known as meadowsweet or queen-of-the-meadow, is a perennial herb of the rose family native to Europe and western Asia, growing in wet meadows, fens, and riverbanks with fragrant white flowers.
Finger Lakes
The Finger Lakes are eleven narrow glacial lakes in western New York, including Seneca (deepest, about 200 m) and Cayuga; they supply drinking water to 1.5 million people and anchor a major cool-climate wine region.
First Bay
First Bay is a bay in Monroe County, Florida, within Everglades National Park near the Lostmans River and Gulf of Mexico, at about 25.5486 N, 81.1973 W; distinct from other places named First Bay.
First Taiwan Strait Crisis
The First Taiwan Strait Crisis was the 1954–1955 confrontation across the Taiwan Strait in which the People's Republic of China bombarded Nationalist-held Jinmen and Mazu, ending in May 1955 after the Formosa Resolution and Dachen evacuation.
First voyage of James Cook
Cook's first voyage (1768–1771) in HM Bark Endeavour: Royal Society transit-of-Venus expedition to Tahiti, first circumnavigation of New Zealand, charting and claiming of eastern Australia, with Banks and Solander's 30,000-specimen natural history collection.
Firth
Firth: Scottish English term for a large estuary or long sea inlet, from Old Norse fjǫrthr (same root as fjord). Names include Firth of Forth, Clyde, Moray, Solway, Tay.
Firth of Clyde
The Firth of Clyde is a fjordic sea basin in western Scotland into which the River Clyde flows, separated from the Irish Sea by a ~50 m sill. Known for Clyde shipbuilding, collapsed herring and cod fisheries, the Clyde cod seasonal closure, and the Clyde Sea Sill MPA.
Firth of Forth
The Firth of Forth is the estuary of the River Forth in eastern Scotland, about 100 km from Stirling to the North Sea, crossed by the Forth Bridge, Forth Road Bridge, and Queensferry Crossing.
Firth of Thames
The Firth of Thames (Tikapa Moana) is a large shallow tidal embayment on New Zealand's North Island, about 52 km southeast of Auckland, with tidal flats hosting tens of thousands of migratory shorebirds.
Fisheries of the North Sea
The fisheries of the North Sea are commercial fishing by about 7,000 vessels, landing around 1.5 million tonnes a year and managed jointly by the EU, UK, and Norway.
Fisheries of the Pacific Ocean
The fisheries of the Pacific Ocean produced 59 percent of the world's marine fish catch in 2016, led by the Northwest Pacific off East Asia and Russia.
Fishing area
Fishing area: any delimited sea or inland water zone where fishing occurs or is regulated, also called a fishing ground. Distinguished by FAO statistical areas (19 marine areas), VMS-defined grounds, and legal closures.
Fivebough and Tuckerbil Swamps
Fivebough and Tuckerbil Swamps: two Ramsar-listed wetlands (designated 21 October 2002) near Leeton, Riverina, NSW, Australia, famed for waterbird diversity, threatened Australasian bittern and brolga, and Wiradjuri heritage at Koonadan.
Fjord
Fjord: a glacially carved, deep, steep-sided coastal inlet flooded by the sea, distinct from a ria (drowned river valley). Features include floors below sea level, a shallow rock sill at the mouth, and active climate research in Arctic fjords like Kongsfjorden.