519,064 articles
Articulation index
The articulation index is a psychoacoustic method that estimates speech intelligibility by weighting signal-to-noise ratios across frequency bands, producing a value from 0 to 1.
Articulatory phonetics
Articulatory phonetics is the branch of phonetics studying how the lips, tongue, jaw, velum, and larynx produce speech sounds, also called speech production phonetics; it underlies IPA classification, instrumental methods like ultrasound and real-time MRI, and clinical and speech-technology applications.
Artie Blanco
Artie Blanco is an American politician and Democratic Party official who serves as Vice Chair of the Democratic National Committee and previously represented Nevada.
Artie Lange
Artie Lange (Arthur Steven Lange Jr., born 1967) is an American stand-up comedian and actor, an original MADtv cast member, Norm MacDonald collaborator, and Howard Stern Show regular from 2001, author of the #1 bestseller Too Fat to Fish.
Artie Shaw
Artie Shaw (Arthur Arshawsky, 1910–2004) was an American swing-era jazz clarinetist, bandleader, composer, and author. His 1938 "Begin the Beguine" made him Benny Goodman's chief rival; he retired from music in 1954.
Artifact (archaeology)
Artifact (archaeology): a portable object made, modified, or used by past people, distinct from features and ecofacts; studied via use-wear and provenance analysis, protected by ARPA and NAGPRA, and subject to repatriation frameworks.
Artifact (video game)
Artifact, also known as Artifact Foundry, is a digital collectible card game by Valve, set in the Dota 2 universe and designed by Magic: The Gathering creator Richard Garfield.
Artificial (2026 film)
Artificial (2026) is Luca Guadagnino's comedy-drama, written by Simon Rich, dramatizing Sam Altman, Ilya Sutskever, and OpenAI's 2023 firing crisis. Starring Andrew Garfield, it was dropped by Amazon MGM, acquired by Neon, premiered at NYFF, and opens in US theaters December 25, 2026.
Artificial aging
Artificial aging, also called precipitation heat treatment, is a heat treatment holding an alloy, usually aluminum, at 100 to 260 °C to raise strength above natural aging levels.
Artificial Analysis
Artificial Analysis is an independent benchmarking company, founded in Sydney, that measures the intelligence, speed, and price of AI models and publishes free public leaderboards of inference providers.
Artificial Analysis Image Arena
The Artificial Analysis Image Arena is a public leaderboard where users vote blindly between images from two text-to-image models, producing Elo-style ratings for 154 models since 2024.
Artificial Analysis Music Arena
The Artificial Analysis Music Arena is a human-preference leaderboard for text-to-music generation models, launched in 2025, where blind votes are converted into Elo-style Arena Scores.
Artificial Analysis text-to-video leaderboard
The Artificial Analysis text-to-video leaderboard is a public ranking of AI video generation models, scored by Elo from blind head-to-head human votes in the Video Arena.
Artificial bee colony algorithm
The artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm is a swarm intelligence optimization method that mimics honey bee foraging, proposed by Dervis Karaboga in 2005 and published with Bahriye Basturk in 2007.
Artificial cardiac pacemaker
Artificial cardiac pacemaker: implantable device delivering electrical impulses to correct slow or irregular heartbeats. Invented as an implant in 1958 (Elmqvist/Senning) and 1960 (Chardack/Greatbatch); now includes leadless catheter-delivered capsules like Medtronic Micra and Abbott Aveir.
Artificial Cardiac Pacing
Artificial cardiac pacing is the use of an implanted or external pacemaker to deliver electrical stimuli that maintain an effective heart rhythm in bradycardia or heart block.
Artificial cartilage
Artificial cartilage is a synthetic or tissue-engineered material designed to replace or repair articular cartilage, the tissue covering bone ends in joints; polymeric hydrogels dominate research because they mimic its load-bearing and lubricating behavior.
Artificial cartilage hydrogel
An artificial cartilage hydrogel is a water-rich, crosslinked polymer network engineered to replace or regenerate articular cartilage in joints; a 2022 Duke gel was the first to exceed cartilage's strength.
Artificial cilia
Artificial cilia are engineered, hair-like microactuators that mimic biological cilia, driven by magnetic, electric, light, or other stimuli to pump and mix fluids at the micrometer scale.
Artificial consciousness
Artificial consciousness (machine consciousness) is the hypothesized capacity of artificial systems for subjective experience. No current AI is considered conscious; assessment uses indicator properties from theories like global workspace and integrated information theory, amid substrate and calibration debates.
Artificial cranial deformation
Artificial cranial deformation, also called head binding or head flattening, is the intentional molding of an infant skull with bandages, boards, or cradles to create a permanent shape, practiced worldwide from the Late Pleistocene to the 20th century as a marker of identity and status.
Artificial equilibrium point
An artificial equilibrium point (AEP) is a position in the three-body problem where a spacecraft can hover because continuous low thrust or solar radiation pressure supplements gravity; the idea was proposed by Dusek in 1966.
Artificial fish swarm algorithm
The artificial fish swarm algorithm (AFSA), also called fish swarm algorithm, is a swarm intelligence optimization method mimicking fish behaviors like preying, swarming, and following.
Artificial force induced reaction method
The artificial force induced reaction (AFIR) method is an automated quantum-chemical algorithm for finding reaction pathways, developed in 2010 by Satoshi Maeda of Hokkaido University and colleagues.
Artificial gauge field
An artificial gauge field, also called a synthetic or engineered gauge field, makes neutral particles like ultracold atoms and photons mimic the motion of charged particles in real magnetic fields.
Artificial gauge fields in optical lattices
Artificial gauge fields in optical lattices are engineered gauge potentials that make neutral atoms in laser-generated lattices move like charged particles, enabling quantum Hall and topological physics.
Artificial general intelligence
Artificial general intelligence, or AGI, also called human-level AI, is a hypothetical AI able to perform any task a human can, unlike narrow AI, and has not been achieved.
Artificial gravity
Artificial gravity, also called simulated gravity, simulates gravity in space by spinning a craft so centrifugal acceleration acts as gravity; proposed to counter weightlessness, it has never flown operationally.
Artificial hair integrations
Artificial hair integrations, also called hair extensions or weaves, are human or synthetic hair pieces added for length and fullness, attached by sew-ins, glue, clips, or bonds; ancient Egyptian in origin, modernized by Christina Jenkins' 1952 weave patent, with traction alopecia and chemical contamination as main risks.
Artificial heart
Artificial heart: an implanted pump replacing the heart's ventricles and valves, used as a bridge to transplant. Key devices: SynCardia TAH (FDA-approved 2004), Jarvik 7, AbioCor, Carmat Aeson, BiVACOR.