6,078 articles
Transgender rights in the United States
Transgender rights in the United States: legal status under federal law (Bostock, Section 1557), state policy divergence tracked by MAP, the 2020s wave of restrictive state legislation, identity documents, and United States v. Skrmetti.
Transgender sexuality
Transgender sexuality, also called trans sexuality, is the study and lived experience of how transgender people experience sexual orientation, attraction, behavior, and sexual function during transition.
Transhumanism
Transhumanism is an intellectual and cultural movement advocating the ethical use of technology to enhance human abilities and extend life, spiking in popularity in the 1990s.
Transient global amnesia
Transient global amnesia (TGA, transient amnestic syndrome): sudden anterograde plus retrograde memory loss lasting up to 24 hours in alert adults aged 50 to 70, hippocampal CA1 involvement, 12 to 27 percent recurrence, benign outcome.
Transpersonal psychology
Transpersonal psychology, founded by Abraham Maslow and Anthony Sutich with the 1969 Journal of Transpersonal Psychology, is a humanistic-psychology branch studying higher states of consciousness, self-transcendence, and spiritual experience; its organizations, themes, quantitative assessment limits, and scientism-versus-romanticism criticism distinguish it.
Transphobia
Transphobia: prejudice, hatred, or fear of transgender people (ECRI definition), spanning interpersonal misgendering, violence, and structural laws. Measured via GMSR and Everyday Discrimination Scale; 187 studies link it to poor mental health and substance use.
Transracial (identity)
Transracial (identity) covers transracial adoptees raised across race lines and the contested self-identification sense highlighted by Rachel Dolezal and the 2017 Tuvel Hypatia controversy.
Transsexual
Transsexual: a clinical term for transgender people whose gender identity differs from their assigned sex and who seek medical transition (hormones, surgery); coined by Hirschfeld (1923) and Cauldwell (1949), defined by Benjamin's 1966 work, now largely replaced by transgender except in ICD-10 and legal contexts.
Transtheoretical model
Transtheoretical Model (TTM), or stages of change model, by Prochaska and DiClemente: behavior change through precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance, with decisional balance, self-efficacy, and 10 change processes.
Transvestigation
Transvestigation is an online conspiracy theory and practice in which "transvestigators" analyze celebrities' faces and bodies to claim they are secretly transgender, tied to "elite gender inversion," popularized from 2014, debunked as pseudoscience.
Transvestite pass
Transvestite pass (Transvestitenschein): police-issued permit in Imperial and Weimar Germany letting holders wear clothing of another gender without harassment; earliest documented applications 1908, tied to Magnus Hirschfeld's Institute for Sexual Science; frequently revoked under the Nazi state.
Transylvanian Saxons
Transylvanian Saxons (Siebenbürger Sachsen), a German-speaking community settled in Transylvania from the 12th century, historically privileged, Lutheran, and largely emigrated to Germany after 1989.
Traumatic bonding
Traumatic bonding, or trauma bonding, is the emotional attachment a victim develops toward an abuser through intermittent abuse and reward, distinct from Stockholm syndrome and from bonding over shared trauma.
Treatment of women by the Taliban
Treatment of women by the Taliban: systematic restrictions on Afghan women and girls under Taliban rule 1996–2001 and since the August 2021 takeover, covering education, work, dress, movement, health care, and gender persecution findings.
Trial and error
Trial and error: learning by attempting responses and retaining those followed by satisfaction, from Thorndike's 1898 puzzle boxes and law of effect to vicarious trial and error and reinforcement learning.
Triangular theory of love
Sternberg's triangular theory of love (1986) models love as intimacy, passion, and decision/commitment forming a triangle, yielding eight kinds of love and the Triangular Love Scale, validated cross-culturally.
Triarchic theory of intelligence
Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence (1985) holds that intelligence comprises componential, experiential, and contextual subtheories, expressed as analytical, creative, and practical abilities, measured by the STAT and debated against g-factor psychometrics.
Tribadism
Tribadism, also called tribbing or scissoring, is genital rubbing between women, especially vulva-to-vulva contact. From Greek tribein "to rub"; historically named the clitoris-linked "tribade" figure before narrowing to the act itself.
Tribal chief
Tribal chief: leader of a tribal or customary community, holding inherited or elected authority. Also called traditional leader or customary chief; in US tribal governments the chief executive is usually an elected chairman, president, or principal chief.
Tribal sovereignty in the United States
Tribal sovereignty in the United States is the inherent authority of 574 federally recognized tribes to govern themselves. This authority predates the Constitution and is exercised over tribal lands.
Tribalism
Tribalism: strong loyalty to one's own tribe or social group, also the tendency to treat one's group as "us" and others as "them". Studied via social identity theory; scholars since Vail (1989) and Mafeje treat tribalism as partly a colonial construct, and "tribe" is discredited in anthropology.
Tribe
Tribe: an anthropological category for kinship-based, non-state social groups, derived from the Roman tribus and standardized during colonial rule. Largely abandoned as an analytical term since Fried's and Southall's critiques; now survives in legal uses such as ILO Convention No. 169 and federally recognized Native American tribes.
Tribes of Arabia
Tribes of Arabia (qabīla, قبيلة): Arabian tribal groups defined by descent from Adnan or Qahtan, their segmentary structure, classical genealogies, major confederations, and role in modern Gulf states.
Tribes of Yemen
Tribes of Yemen: kinship-based social and political units organized in confederations, chiefly Hashid, Bakil, Madhaj, Himyar, and Kinda. Governed by sheikhs and customary law (urf), strongest in the northern highlands, and central to Yemeni state-building, mediation, and the current war.
Trier Social Stress Test
The Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) is a laboratory procedure that induces stress by having participants give a job-interview speech and do mental arithmetic before an unresponsive panel.
Trinidadians and Tobagonians
Trinidadians and Tobagonians (Trinis, Trinbagonians) are the people of the twin-island republic of Trinidad and Tobago, an ethnically mixed Caribbean population roughly evenly divided between Afro-Trinidadians and Indo-Trinidadians, formed by indigenous, African, Indian indentured, and smaller migrant streams.
Tripartite classification of authority
Tripartite classification of authority: Max Weber's typology of legitimate rule (Herrschaft) in Economy and Society (1922), distinguishing traditional, charismatic, and rational-legal authority as ideal types of why people obey.
Triple parentheses
Triple parentheses, or the (((echo))), is an antisemitic typographic symbol marking names or terms as Jewish. Originated on the 2014 Daily Shoah podcast; listed by the ADL as a hate symbol in June 2016.
Trolling
Trolling: deceptive, provocative, or disruptive online behavior aimed at provoking reactions for the troll's amusement; associated with dark tetrad traits, anonymity-driven disinhibition, and situational triggers like negative mood and exposure to prior trolling.
Trophy wife
Trophy wife: informal derogatory term for a young attractive wife seen as a status symbol for an older, affluent husband; popularized by a 1989 Fortune cover story; McClintock's ASR research found the beauty-for-status exchange behind the stereotype largely a myth.