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Commandant of the Marine Corps
Commandant of the Marine Corps: highest-ranking USMC officer, appointed by the President for a four-year term, reports to the Secretary of the Navy, sits on the Joint Chiefs of Staff; 39th and current Commandant is General Eric M. Smith.
Commandant of the Southern Man (Nanman xiaowei)
The Commandant of the Southern Man (南蛮校尉), also called the Commandant for Guarding the Southern Man, was a Western Jin and Southern dynasties office managing the Man peoples of the middle Yangzi.
Commandant of the United States Marine Corps
Commandant of the United States Marine Corps (CMC): the Marine Corps' four-star service chief, appointed by the President for a four-year term, reporting to the Secretary of the Navy and serving on the Joint Chiefs of Staff. First held by Samuel Nicholas (1775); the 39th Commandant is General Eric M. Smith.
Commander
Commander is a mid-level naval officer rank, O-5 in the US Navy and OF-4 in UK/NATO tables, equivalent to an army lieutenant colonel; the word also denotes any officer in command, as in commander in chief.
Commander (order)
Commander (order): the mid-ranking grade in orders such as the British Empire (CBE), Royal Victorian Order (CVO), and Canada's Order of Military Merit (CMM), below Knight/Dame Commander and above Officer or Lieutenant grades.
Commander (United States)
Commander (CDR) is the O-5 commissioned officer rank of the U.S. Navy, Coast Guard, and NOAA Corps, equivalent to Lieutenant Colonel, between Lieutenant Commander and Captain; the title evolved from the British 'Master and Commander' and was adopted by the U.S. Navy in 1837.
Commander-in-chief
Commander-in-chief: supreme commander of a nation's armed forces, usually the head of state or government. In the US, Article II, Section 2 vests the role in the President, balanced against Congress's war powers.
Commander-in-Chief of the Forces
Commander-in-chief of the forces: supreme commander of a nation's armed forces, usually a civilian head of state or government. Covers the U.S. Commander in Chief Clause, operational chain of command, and comparative constitutional practice.
Commanders of World War II
Commanders of World War II: Allied and Axis military leaders from Marshall, Eisenhower, King, and Arnold to Hitler, Paulus, and Tojo; covers joint and coalition command structures, theater commands, and historiographic reassessments.
Commandery commandant (junwei)
The commandery commandant (郡尉) was the military chief of a Qin commandery, heading an independent bureau that managed garrison soldiers and held personnel power beside the governor.
Commandery of Jiaozhi
The Commandery of Jiaozhi (Giao Chỉ) was a Han dynasty commandery established in 111 BCE over the Red River delta of northern Vietnam after the conquest of Nanyue.
Commandery-county system
The commandery-county system (郡县制) was ancient China's local administration through commanderies and counties headed by centrally appointed officials, replacing hereditary enfeoffment; Qin carried it empire-wide after unification in 221 BC.
Commandery–kingdom system (Jun–guo)
The commandery–kingdom system (Jun–guo, 郡国) was the Western Han administrative order in which commanderies governed directly by the imperial court coexisted with semi-autonomous kingdoms enfeoffed on kings.
Commanding General of the United States Army
Commanding General of the United States Army, senior Army officer 1798-1903, first held by George Washington; abolished August 15, 1903 and replaced by the Army Chief of Staff and War Department General Staff.
Commanding officer
Commanding officer (CO): the officer in command of a military unit, holding primary command authority by appointment or succession; UCMJ limits the term to commissioned officers, while Marine Corps, Canadian, Malaysian, and US combatant-command rules define its duties.
Commando
Commando: originally a Boer military unit of the former Boer republics; since 1940 the British Commandos, a volunteer raiding force that fought at St Nazaire, Dieppe, D-Day, was disbanded as Army Commandos in 1946, survives as Royal Marines Commandos, renamed UK Commando Force in 2026.
Commando Order
Commando Order (Kommandobefehl), Hitler's top-secret OKW directive of 18 October 1942 ordering Allied commandos in Europe and Africa shot even in uniform or surrendering, others handed to the SD; a war crime at Nuremberg.
Commemorative Air Force
Commemorative Air Force (CAF), formerly the Confederate Air Force, a Dallas, Texas-based nonprofit flying museum founded by Lloyd Nolen's group in 1951-1957, with over 180 air WWII-era aircraft including B-29 FIFI, renamed from Confederate Air Force effective January 1, 2002.
Commemorative medals of World War II across national systems
Commemorative medals of World War II are national awards recognizing service in the 1939–1945 war, spanning British campaign stars, the French 1946 commemorative medal, and Soviet orders.
Commemorative scarabs of Amenhotep III
The commemorative scarabs of Amenhotep III are over 200 large inscribed scarabs from his reign (c. 1390–1352 BC), recording hunts, Queen Tiye, and royal events.
Commendation Medal
Commendation Medal: a mid-level award name shared by Singapore's Pingat Kepujian (instituted 1996, silver disc, red-and-grey ribbon) and the US military's service-specific Commendation Medals for heroism or meritorious service, siting between Achievement and Meritorious Service Medals.
Comment (computer programming)
Comments in programming: non-executable source-code annotations ignored by compilers, written in block, line, and documentation forms (C / /, Python #, Javadoc), used for intent, maintenance, and pedagogy, with measured effects on comprehension and known hazards from outdated comments.
Commentarii de Bello Gallico
Caesar's Commentarii de Bello Gallico: seven books of plain-style Latin, one per year of his 58–52 BC proconsulship in Gaul, with Book 8 by Aulus Hirtius; a self-justifying war memoir long debated as propaganda versus historical record.
Commentarios do Grande Afonso de Albuquerque
The Commentarios do Grande Afonso de Albuquerque, also known as Commentarios do Grande Afonso Dalboquerque, is a 1557 Portuguese account of the governor's Asian conquests.
Commentary on the Water Classic
Commentary on the Water Classic (水经注) is a Chinese geographical work of the Northern dynasties by Li Daoyuan, expanding the ancient Water Classic into 40 juan.
Commentary on the Zhouyi (Zhouyi Zhu)
Commentary on the Zhouyi (周易注) is a commentary on the Book of Changes by the Wei scholar Wang Bi, with later chapters completed by Han Kangbo of Eastern Jin.
Commentary tradition on Aristotle
The commentary tradition on Aristotle is the scholarly practice of writing line-by-line explanatory treatises on his works, beginning in the first century BC under Andronicus of Rhodes.
Commerce
Commerce is the large-scale exchange of goods and services for money, emphasizing distribution and sale rather than manufacture, and in United States law it defines the reach of federal regulatory power.
Commerce Clause
The Commerce Clause (Article I, Section 8, Clause 3) grants Congress power to regulate interstate, foreign, and tribal commerce. Key cases: Gibbons v. Ogden (1824), Wickard, Lopez (1995), NFIB v. Sebelius; includes the dormant Commerce Clause limit on states.
Commerce Collegium
The Commerce Collegium (Коммерц-коллегия) was a central Russian Empire institution directing foreign and internal trade and customs, created under Peter I in 1717 and finally closed in 1823.