All articles starting with L
25,375 articles
Lipoprotein insulin resistance index
The lipoprotein insulin resistance (LP-IR or LPIR) index is a blood test score, from 0 to 100, that estimates insulin resistance from six NMR-measured lipoprotein parameters.
Lipoprotein lipase
Lipoprotein lipase (LPL), endothelial enzyme hydrolyzing triglycerides in chylomicrons and VLDL; requires apo C-II and GPIHBP1; inhibited by ANGPTL3/4/8; deficiency causes familial chylomicronemia syndrome.
Lipoptena cervi
Lipoptena cervi, the deer ked (Pediculus cervi, Linnaeus 1758), is a wing-shedding hippoboscid fly parasitizing cervids, especially moose; Palearctic, spread to North America, bites humans, and carries detected zoonotic pathogens.
Liposarcoma
Liposarcoma, a malignant soft tissue sarcoma of fat cells in adults, includes well-differentiated, dedifferentiated, myxoid, and pleomorphic subtypes with MDM2/CDK4 12q amplification and highly subtype-dependent survival.
Liposomal amphotericin B
Liposomal amphotericin B (LAmB), sold as AmBisome, is a lipid formulation of the antifungal amphotericin B, used for fungal infections and leishmaniasis with less kidney toxicity.
Liposome
Liposome: spherical phospholipid bilayer vesicle with aqueous core, discovered by Bangham in 1965; sizes 20 nm–2.5 μm; drug nanocarrier behind Doxil and AmBisome, FDA-regulated as complex products.
Liposome drug delivery
Liposome drug delivery is the use of phospholipid vesicles to carry drugs, offering targeting, controlled release, and lower toxicity; first marketed as Doxil in 1995, the first FDA-approved nano-drug.
Liposuction
Liposuction (suction lipectomy, tumescent liposuction) is a surgical body-contouring procedure that removes subcutaneous fat through a cannula; developed from the 1970s Fischer and Illouz work and Klein's 1985 tumescent technique, with about 12% minor complication rate and 317,196 US procedures in 2025.
Lipót Fejér
Lipót Fejér, born Weisz Leopold, was a Hungarian mathematician whose 1900 theorem on the Cesàro summability of Fourier series reopened trigonometric-series theory; with Frigyes Riesz, he founded a school of Hungarian mathematics.
Lipothrixviridae
Lipothrixviridae: enveloped, filamentous dsDNA archaeal viruses (order Ligamenvirales, realm Adnaviria) infecting hyperthermophilic Sulfolobales; linear 31–41 kbp genomes, lytic replication, released via pyramidal portals; 3 genera, 10 species.
Lipoxin A4
Lipoxin A4 (LXA4) is an anti-inflammatory lipid mediator derived from arachidonic acid, first identified in human leukocytes in 1984 by Serhan, Hamberg, and Samuelsson, and known for actively promoting the resolution of inflammation.
Lipoxygenase
Lipoxygenase, also called lipoxidase, is a non-heme iron enzyme that oxygenates polyunsaturated fatty acids to form hydroperoxides, precursors of signaling lipids like jasmonates and leukotrienes.
Lipoyl synthase
Lipoyl synthase, known as LipA in bacteria and LIAS in humans, is a radical SAM enzyme that completes lipoic acid biosynthesis by inserting two sulfur atoms into octanoylated proteins.
Lippendorf power station
Lippendorf power station (Kraftwerk Lippendorf) is a lignite-fired power station about 15 kilometers south of Leipzig in Saxony, Germany, operating two 933 MW blocks since 1999.
Lippia
Lippia L. (Verbenaceae, tribe Lantaneae), genus of aromatic herbs and shrubs established by Linnaeus in 1753, native to tropical and southern Africa and tropical and subtropical America; dry two-nutlet fruits, not monophyletic with Lantana, used in traditional medicine and herbal teas.
Lippia alba
Lippia alba (bushy lippia, bushy matgrass, erva-cidreira), Verbenaceae, is an aromatic American shrub used in traditional medicine as a sedative and digestive remedy, with seven essential-oil chemotypes (citral, carvone, linalool) and inclusion in the Brazilian Pharmacopeia.
Lippmann (lunar crater)
Lippmann is a 160.07-km-wide impact crater on the lunar far side at 55.43°S, 114.32°W, IAU-named in 1979 for French physicist and Nobel laureate Gabriel Lippmann (1845-1921), with satellite craters B through R.
Lippmann–Schwinger equation
The Lippmann–Schwinger equation is an integral-equation formulation of quantum-mechanical scattering, writing the exact scattering state as an incident free state plus an integral over the potential, introduced in 1950.
Lippo Group
Lippo Group is an Indonesian banking-and-property conglomerate founded by Mochtar Riady, now led by the Riady family through flagship PT Lippo Karawaci, with townships, hospitals, and listed arms in Hong Kong and Singapore.
Lipps Inc.
Lipps, Inc. (Lipps Inc., pun on lip sync) was a Minneapolis disco-funk group formed in 1979 by Steven Greenberg with vocalist Cynthia Johnson, famous for the 1980 four-week Billboard number one "Funkytown", a No. 1 hit in 28 countries.
Lippstadt
Lippstadt, a town of about 72,400 in the Soest district, North Rhine-Westphalia, on the Lippe river; founded 1185 by Bernhard II zur Lippe as Westphalia's first planned town, chartered around 1220, Hanseatic 1280–1669, joint-ruled 1445–1851, home of FORVIA HELLA.
Lipreading
Lipreading, also called speechreading, is understanding speech by watching a speaker's lip movements without hearing the voice, a skill used most by deaf and hard-of-hearing people.
Liprin
Liprins (LAR-interacting proteins; liprin-α1–4, liprin-β1–2, kazrin E) are cytoplasmic scaffold proteins with coiled-coil and SAM domains that organize presynaptic active zones, cell adhesion, and motility.
Lipschitz continuity
Lipschitz continuity, the Lipschitz condition, is a strong form of uniform continuity in which a function cannot stretch distances by more than a fixed constant factor.
Lipscomb University
Lipscomb University, also called Nashville Bible School and David Lipscomb College, is a private Church of Christ-affiliated university in Nashville, Tennessee, founded 1891, with 5,007 students in fall 2026, NCAA Division I Bisons athletics, and SACSCOC accreditation.
Lipskiy (lunar crater)
Lipskiy is a 91-km lunar impact crater at 2.15° S, 179.38° W near the 180° meridian, IAU-approved in 1979 and named for Soviet selenographer Yurii Naumovich Lipskiy (1909-1978), with satellite craters Lipskiy S, V, and X.
Lipstick
Lipstick is a pigmented wax-and-oil cosmetic for coloring the lips, first recorded at Ur around 3500 BCE under Queen Schub-ad, made as a cylindrical stick since 1915, and regulated today as a cosmetic with an external-use classification that current ingestion research challenges.
Lipstick lesbian
Lipstick lesbian, slang for a feminine-presenting lesbian (a femme), first recorded 1980–85 and dated 1984 in the OED. Gained 1990s media visibility, criticized as fetishizing; largely replaced by femme or high femme.
Lipstick Under My Burkha
Lipstick Under My Burkha (Lipstick Waale Sapne) is a 2016 Hindi drama by Alankrita Shrivastava about four Bhopal women seeking freedom; banned as 'lady-oriented' in 2017, cleared on appeal, released 21 July 2017.
Liptako Emirate
The Liptako Emirate was a Fulani emirate of the Sokoto Caliphate founded about 1810, centered on Dori in present-day Burkina Faso and conquered by the French in 1897.