All articles starting with P

Procalcitonin

Procalcitonin (PCT), the 116-amino acid prohormone of calcitonin, is a blood biomarker that rises in bacterial infection and sepsis, guides antibiotic start and stop decisions, and outperforms CRP diagnostically.

Procambarus

Procambarus (Ortmann, 1905) is the largest genus of freshwater crayfish, family Cambaridae, with about 163-167 North American species. Its red swamp crayfish P. clarkii is a major global invader and aquaculture species.

Procambarus clarkii

Procambarus clarkii, the red swamp crayfish, is a cambarid freshwater crayfish native to the south-central US and northern Mexico, farmed in Louisiana and China, and a high-risk invasive species and crayfish plague vector elsewhere.

Procapra

Procapra, Asian gazelle genus with three species: Mongolian gazelle (Least Concern, ~1 million, nomadic), endangered Przewalski's gazelle (Qinghai Lake only), and Tibetan gazelle; monophyletic, split from Antilopini 11–12 Mya.

Procarbazine

Procarbazine, sold in the United States as Matulane, is an oral antineoplastic drug approved by the FDA in 1969 to treat advanced Hodgkin lymphoma in adults and children.

PROCaRe study

PROCaRe (Patient Reported Outcomes following Cancer of the Rectum), NCT04936581, is an international prospective cohort study comparing bowel, sexual, urinary function and quality of life after open, laparoscopic, robotic, or transanal TME for mid-low rectal cancer.

Procaterol

Procaterol (Meptin) is a selective short-acting beta2-adrenergic agonist bronchodilator for asthma and COPD, synthesized by Otsuka in 1973, given orally (50-100 mcg twice daily) or inhaled (20 mcg), with a 4.2-hour half-life.

Procedural animation

Procedural animation is motion a computer calculates at runtime from rules, algorithms, physics, or mathematical functions, allowing characters to adapt to terrain and forces no pre-authored clip could anticipate.

Procedural generation

Procedural generation, or procedural content generation (PCG), is the algorithmic creation of game content such as levels, terrain, and quests from a seed and rules, dating to Rogue (1980) and Elite (1984), now spanning noise, search-based, machine learning, and LLM methods.

Sep 29, 2026

Procedural modeling

Procedural modeling is a computer graphics technique that generates 3D geometry, textures, and entire scenes algorithmically from rules and parameters, producing terrains, vegetation, roads, and cities for movies, games, and simulations.

Procedural programming

Procedural programming is a programming style in which code is organized into reusable procedures called with different arguments; C, Python, Fortran, and Pascal are primarily procedural languages.

Sep 29, 2026

Procedural sedation and analgesia

Procedural sedation and analgesia (PSA) is the use of sedative or dissociative drugs, with or without analgesics, to help patients tolerate painful procedures such as joint relocation while preserving breathing and circulation.

Procedure before international arbitral tribunals

Procedure before international arbitral tribunals is the set of rules governing how an arbitration between sovereign States is conducted, from tribunal constitution to the award.

Procedure word

A procedure word, commonly shortened to proword, is a NATO-approved word or phrase with a fixed meaning in military radio voice procedure; examples include ROGER, WILCO, OVER, and OUT.

Procedure, costs and access in UK tribunals

Procedure, costs, and access in UK tribunals covers how the two-tier UK tribunal system handles fees, costs orders, representation, and appeals, including the 2017 abolition of employment tribunal fees.

Procedures of the Supreme Court of the United States

Procedures of the U.S. Supreme Court: certiorari granted by four Justices, 50-page merits briefs, 30-minute arguments, private Conference voting, and the October Term sitting-recess calendar.

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers

The Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers is a family of 18 peer-reviewed civil engineering journals published by ICE Publishing, with a lineage dating to 1836.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) is a multidisciplinary scientific journal published by the US National Academy of Sciences, established in 1914 and first issued in 1915.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

PNAS (Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences) is the National Academy of Sciences' multidisciplinary journal, first published January 15, 1915, publishing biological, physical, and social science research via Direct and member Contributed tracks.

Proceedings of the USSR Academy of Sciences (Доклады Академии наук СССР)

Doklady Akademii nauk SSSR (Доклады Академии наук СССР), the USSR Academy of Sciences' Russian-language short-paper proceedings journal, Moscow, 1933–1991/1992, ISSN 0002-3264, continued as Doklady Rossiyskoy akademii nauk.

Procel

Procel, the National Program for the Conservation of Electric Energy, is Brazil's federal electricity-efficiency program, created in 1985 and coordinated by the Ministry of Mines and Energy.

Procellaria

Procellaria (gadfly-free large petrels, "creatures of the storm") is a Linnaean 1758 genus of Procellariidae with five species, including the White-chinned, Grey, Spectacled, Black, and Westland Petrels, all threatened by longline bycatch.

Procellariidae

Procellariidae, the petrel and shearwater family of tubenose seabirds (Procellariiformes), with about 100 species in 16 genera including Fulmarus, Pachyptila, Ardenna, and Puffinus; pelagic, colonial island nesters threatened by fisheries bycatch and plastic.