208 articles
Corticotomy
Corticotomy is a surgical procedure that cuts or perforates cortical bone to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement and shorten treatment, first described by Heinrich Köle in 1959.
Decompression surgery
Decompression surgery is an operation that relieves pressure on spinal nerves or the spinal cord by removing bone, ligament, or disc material, used mainly for lumbar spinal stenosis and herniated discs.
Definitive fixation
Definitive fixation is the permanent implant-based stabilization of a fracture, recommended as primary treatment in stable patients, while unstable polytrauma patients first receive temporary external fixation.
Disc arthroplasty
Disc arthroplasty is a spine operation that replaces a degenerated intervertebral disc with an artificial implant that preserves motion, an alternative to fusion for cervical or lumbar degenerative disc disease.
Distal biceps tendon repair
Distal biceps tendon repair is a surgical procedure that reattaches a torn distal biceps tendon to the radial tuberosity at the elbow, restoring forearm flexion and supination strength after rupture.
Door laminoplasty
Door laminoplasty, or open-door laminoplasty, is a posterior cervical spine operation that hinges the laminae open on one side to enlarge the spinal canal and decompress the cord.
Double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction is a knee surgery that rebuilds a torn ACL with two tendon grafts, one for each functional bundle, to restore rotational stability.
Double-row rotator cuff repair
Double-row rotator cuff repair is an arthroscopic technique that reattaches a torn rotator cuff tendon to the humerus using two rows of suture anchors for better healing.
Elbow arthroplasty
Elbow arthroplasty, also called total elbow arthroplasty, is an orthopedic joint replacement procedure developed for rheumatoid arthritis and now used for unfixable fractures and arthritis.
Elbow arthroscopy
Elbow arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical technique that diagnoses and treats conditions inside the elbow joint, including loose-body removal, capsular release, and cartilage debridement.
En bloc spondylectomy
En bloc spondylectomy is a spine oncology operation removing a tumor-bearing vertebra in one or two pieces with healthy-tissue margins, used mainly for chordomas and giant cell tumors.
Endoprosthetic reconstruction
Endoprosthetic reconstruction replaces bone and joint segments resected for musculoskeletal tumors with modular metal megaprostheses, restoring skeletal continuity and limb function as an alternative to amputation.
Endoscopic discectomy
Endoscopic discectomy is a minimally invasive spine operation that removes herniated disc material compressing a nerve root through a small endoscope, most often for lumbar disc herniation.
Endoscopic spinal surgery
Endoscopic spinal surgery is a minimally invasive technique for lumbar disc herniation and stenosis, using a thin working-channel endoscope through a small incision, with faster early recovery than microdiscectomy.
Endoscopic spine surgery
Endoscopic spine surgery is a minimally invasive technique in which a small working-channel endoscope removes herniated disc material and decompresses narrowed spinal canals through incisions of about 0.8 cm.
Epiphysiodesis
Epiphysiodesis is a surgical procedure that arrests or slows a growth plate in a child, used to correct limb-length discrepancy or angular deformity while growth remains, typically for predicted discrepancies of 2 to 5 cm.
Ernest Amory Codman
Ernest Amory Codman (1869–1940) was a Boston surgeon who pioneered tracking patient outcomes, proposing that hospitals follow every patient and ask "if not, why not?"
Exchange arthroplasty
Exchange arthroplasty is a surgical procedure that removes an infected or failed joint prosthesis and implants a new one, in one stage or two with an antibiotic spacer.
External fixation
External fixation is a surgical technique that stabilizes broken bones with pins or wires through the skin, connected by an adjustable external frame, leaving soft tissues accessible.
Extremity arthroplasty
Extremity arthroplasty is the surgical replacement of a damaged arm or leg joint, including the hip, knee, ankle, shoulder, elbow, and wrist, with an artificial prosthesis.
Facetectomy
Facetectomy is a spinal surgery that removes part or all of a facet joint, decompressing nerve roots or providing access to the disc space in transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion.
Fasciectomy
Fasciectomy is a surgical procedure that removes diseased fascia, performed most often to straighten fingers bent by Dupuytren's contracture; open partial fasciectomy is the mainstay treatment.
Foraminoplasty
Foraminoplasty is a surgical procedure that enlarges the intervertebral foramen by undercutting the superior articular process and ablating the foraminal ligament, a key step in the TESSYS technique.
Foraminotomy
Foraminotomy is a spinal decompression procedure that enlarges the neural foramen, the opening where a nerve root exits the spine, to relieve compression causing radiating pain, numbness, or weakness.
Gastrocnemius recession
Gastrocnemius recession is an orthopedic surgical procedure that lengthens the gastrocnemius aponeurosis to improve ankle dorsiflexion in isolated gastrocnemius tightness, sparing the soleus and Achilles tendon to preserve strength.
Glenoid reconstruction
Glenoid reconstruction is a family of shoulder operations that restores the anteroinferior glenoid rim with a coracoid transfer or bone graft, such as the Latarjet procedure, to stabilize recurrent anterior instability.
Hallux valgus surgery
Hallux valgus surgery is a set of orthopedic procedures that realign a deviated big toe, or bunion, by cutting and repositioning bone, balancing soft tissue, or fusing a joint.
Hardware Removal
Hardware removal (implant removal, metalwork removal) is the surgical extraction of orthopedic plates, screws, and nails after fracture fixation, done for pain, infection, or broken hardware; evidence does not support routine removal of asymptomatic implants such as syndesmotic screws.
Hemiarthroplasty
Hemiarthroplasty is a hip operation that replaces the femoral head and neck with a prosthesis while leaving the socket untouched, used mainly for displaced femoral neck fractures in older adults.
Hemiepiphysiodesis
Hemiepiphysiodesis is a pediatric orthopedic technique that arrests growth on one side of a growth plate, letting the other side grow to straighten angular limb deformities in children.