210 articles
Crotamiton
Crotamiton (Eurax, Crotan) is a topical 10% cream or lotion scabicidal and antipruritic drug for scabies and itching; mechanism unknown, less effective than permethrin, favored in infants for low toxicity.
Daclatasvir
Daclatasvir (Daklinza) is a first-in-class Bristol-Myers Squibb NS5A inhibitor for chronic hepatitis C, used with sofosbuvir; EU approval 2014, withdrawn 2019 commercially, now generic via the Medicines Patent Pool in 112 countries.
Danoprevir
Danoprevir (ITMN-191, R7227, RG7227) is an oral macrocyclic HCV NS3/4A protease inhibitor approved in China in 2018; ritonavir-boosted danoprevir with interferon and ribavirin reached 97.1% SVR12 in Chinese genotype 1 patients.
Dapaconazole
Dapaconazole, sold as Zilt, is an imidazole antifungal developed by Brazil's Biolab as a 2% topical cream for dermatophyte infections, reaching Phase 3 trials and performing non-inferior to ketoconazole and miconazole.
Dapivirine
Dapivirine (DPV-VR, dapivirine vaginal ring 25 mg): an NNRTI antiretroviral delivered by a monthly silicone vaginal ring for HIV prevention in women; EMA Article 58 opinion 2020, WHO prequalified and recommended 2021, ~27–31% efficacy in phase 3 trials.
Das-181
DAS181 (Fludase, oplunofusp) is an inhaled recombinant sialidase fusion protein from Ansun BioPharma that cleaves host sialic acid receptors to block influenza and parainfluenza entry; in phase 3 development for parainfluenza in immunocompromised patients.
Dasabuvir
Dasabuvir (ABT-333, Exviera) is a non-nucleoside HCV NS5B polymerase inhibitor used with ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir (Viekira Pak) for genotype 1 hepatitis C; EU authorization withdrawn September 2024.
Delavirdine
Delavirdine (DLV, Rescriptor) is a bisheteroarylpiperazine NNRTI for HIV-1, approved by the FDA on April 4, 1997 as the second NNRTI after nevirapine; dosed 400 mg three times daily, limited by rash and rapid K103N resistance, now discontinued.
Deleobuvir
Deleobuvir (BI 207127) is an oral nonnucleoside inhibitor of HCV NS5B RNA polymerase binding thumb-pocket 1. It reached phase 3 HCVerso trials with faldaprevir and ribavirin before Boehringer Ingelheim discontinued development.
Deuremidevir hydrobromide
Deuremidevir hydrobromide (VV116, JT001; 民得维, Mindvy) is an oral nucleoside analog RdRp inhibitor, a remdesivir/GS-441524 derivative, approved in China and Uzbekistan for mild-to-moderate COVID-19.
Diamthazole
Diamthazole (dimazole, Asterol), CAS 95-27-2, is a benzothiazole topical antifungal introduced in 1951 for tinea, withdrawn in France in 1972 and by the US FDA in 1977 over neurotoxic reactions.
Didanosine
Didanosine (ddI, Videx, dideoxyinosine), an NRTI antiretroviral for HIV-1; second FDA-approved HIV drug (9 October 1991); withdrawn from U.S. market due to pancreatitis, neuropathy, and mitochondrial toxicity.
Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine
Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHA-PPQ, DP, Duo-Cotexin) is a fixed-dose artemisinin combination therapy for uncomplicated malaria: fast dihydroartemisinin plus long-acting piperaquine, superior to artemether-lumefantrine in Africa but failing in the Greater Mekong subregion.
Direct-acting antiviral therapy
Direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy is oral drug treatment that cures chronic hepatitis C, clearing the virus in at least 90% of patients over 8 to 12 weeks.
Doravirine
Doravirine (DOR, MK-1439; Pifeltro, Delstrigo) is a pyridinone NNRTI for HIV-1, dosed 100 mg once daily, CYP3A-metabolized, contraindicated with strong CYP3A inducers, active against K103N virus.
Ecofosbuvir tablets (艾考磷布韦)
Ecofosbuvir tablets (艾考磷布韦, Encofosbuvir Tablets), formerly yiqibuvir, are HEC Sunshine Pharma's class 1 HCV NS5B nucleoside inhibitor prodrug of sofosbuvir, NMPA-approved March 2025 with netanasvir phosphate for genotype 1, 2, 3, 6 chronic hepatitis C.
Efinaconazole
Efinaconazole (Jublia, Clenafin) is a 10% topical triazole antifungal solution for toenail onychomycosis, applied once daily for 48 weeks; approved in Canada 2013 and the US June 2014, superior to placebo but less effective than oral terbinafine.
Elbasvir
Elbasvir (MK-8742) is an HCV NS5A inhibitor used with grazoprevir as Zepatier, a once-daily 50/100 mg tablet for chronic hepatitis C genotypes 1a, 1b, and 4; discontinued in the US market.
ELEVATE trial
ELEVATE trial (NCT04340349), a Mexican randomized double-blind placebo-controlled Early Phase 1 trial testing hydroxychloroquine 200 mg/day plus bromhexine 8 mg/8h for 60 days to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection in healthcare workers; no results posted.
Elvitegravir
Elvitegravir (EVG, GS-9137, Vitekta) is a once-daily HIV-1 integrase strand transfer inhibitor requiring cobicistat or ritonavir boosting; sold in Stribild (2012) and Genvoya (2015), no longer recommended as initial therapy.
Emtricitabine
Emtricitabine (FTC, Emtriva) is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor approved by the FDA in 2003 for HIV-1 treatment; with tenofovir it forms Truvada and Descovy, used for treatment and PrEP, and is clinically interchangeable with lamivudine.
Emtricitabine/tenofovir
Emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (FTC/TDF, Truvada) is a fixed-dose HIV pill approved for treatment in 2004 and as the first PrEP drug in 2012; pooled trials show RR 0.46 versus placebo, with adherence-dependent effectiveness and renal/bone cautions.
Enisamium
Enisamium iodide (FAV00A, Amizon) is an oral isonicotinic acid derivative antiviral developed in Ukraine by Farmak, licensed in 11 CIS-region countries, inhibiting influenza and SARS-CoV-2 RNA polymerases via metabolite VR17-04.
Ensovibep
Ensovibep (MP0420) is a five-domain DARPin antiviral by Molecular Partners and Novartis that blocks SARS-CoV-2 spike-ACE2 binding; positive in EMPATHY phase 2 but futile in hospitalized ACTIV-3/TICO patients, then deprioritized.
Entecavir anhydrous
Entecavir anhydrous (C12H15N5O3, MW 277.28) is the water-free form of entecavir (Baraclude), a guanosine nucleoside analogue HBV reverse transcriptase inhibitor first FDA-approved March 29, 2005, dosed 0.5 or 1 mg daily for chronic hepatitis B.
Faldaprevir
Faldaprevir (BI 201335) is Boehringer Ingelheim's once-daily, second-generation HCV NS3/4A protease inhibitor for genotype 1 hepatitis C; phase 3 completed but EMA application withdrawn in June 2014, never approved.
Favipiravir
Favipiravir (Avigan, T-705, Favilavir) is a broad-spectrum antiviral from Toyama Chemical/Fujifilm that inhibits viral RNA polymerase by lethal mutagenesis; approved in Japan in 2014 for pandemic influenza, trialed widely for COVID-19 and Ebola with limited evidence of benefit.
Fenticonazole
Fenticonazole (Lomexin) is a topical and intravaginal imidazole antifungal, C24H20Cl2N2OS, CAS 72479-26-6, that inhibits fungal CYP51/ERG11 ergosterol synthesis and treats cutaneous dermatophytosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis.
Fexinidazole
Fexinidazole (HOE 239), a 5-nitroimidazole oral drug by DNDi and Sanofi, is the first all-oral 10-day treatment for both stages of gambiense and rhodesiense sleeping sickness, EMA-recommended 2018, FDA-approved 2021.
Filibuvir
Filibuvir (PF-00868554), a Pfizer non-nucleoside inhibitor of the HCV NS5B polymerase binding the thumb 2 site, reached phase 2 for genotype 1 hepatitis C before development was discontinued in 2013.