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Bone Plates
Bone plates: metallic implants fixed to fractured bones with screws for internal fixation (osteosynthesis). Evolved from Lane 1895 and Danis 1949 compression plating to modern locking plates; stainless steel or titanium.
Bone Remodeling
Bone remodeling: continuous osteoclast resorption and osteoblast formation of bone in basic multicellular units, in four phases, regulated by RANKL/RANK/OPG; measured clinically via PINP and β-CTX-I turnover markers.
Bone resorption
Bone resorption: osteoclasts dissolve bone mineral and matrix via acid and cathepsin K, regulated by RANKL/RANK/OPG; tracked by CTX and NTX markers and suppressed by bisphosphonates and denosumab.
Bone scan
A bone scan, or bone scintigraphy, is a nuclear medicine imaging test in which a radioactive tracer reveals abnormal bone turnover across the whole skeleton.
Bone Screws
Bone screws are orthopedic implants used to fix fractures, anchor plates, nails, and soft tissue to bone. Regulated under ASTM F543-23 and 21 CFR 888.3040; titanium, steel, or cobalt-chromium; main failure is loosening.
Bone tumor
Bone tumor: abnormal growth in bone, either primary (benign or malignant, e.g. osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, chordoma) or metastatic from breast, prostate, or lung cancer; rare, diagnosed by radiographs, MRI, and biopsy.
Bone-Anchored Prosthesis
Bone-anchored prosthesis (osseointegration, OPRA, ILP, OPL): artificial limb fixed to a titanium implant in the residual limb bone, first done 1990 in Sweden; FDA-approved OPRA 2020; over 1,000 patients.
Bone-Implant Interface
Bone-implant interface (bone-prosthesis interface): the bone-implant bonding zone underlying osseointegration, defined in MeSH 2016; stability depends on BIC, micromotion under 150 µm, and stiffness match.
Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Grafting
Bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB) grafting, also called BTB, is ACL reconstruction using the central third patellar tendon with bone plugs; introduced by Jones in 1963, it offers superior stability and low failure rates but more anterior knee pain than hamstring grafts.
Bonnie Henry
Bonnie Henry, Canadian physician and BC's Provincial Health Officer since 2018, first woman in the role; led British Columbia's COVID-19 pandemic and overdose emergency responses; formerly Toronto SARS response lead and BCCDC executive.
Bony erosion
Bony erosion (bone erosion, osseous erosion; ICD-11 ME92.1) is a focal imaging defect in the subchondral bone plate or cortex with trabecular loss, caused by osteoclastic resorption in inflammatory arthritis, gout, osteoarthritis, infection, metabolic disease, or tumors.
Böök syndrome
Böök syndrome (PHC syndrome, Book syndrome) is an ultra-rare autosomal dominant ectodermal dysplasia with premolar aplasia, hyperhidrosis, and premature hair graying, first described by J.A. Böök in 1950; OMIM 112300, cause unknown.
BOOST trial (NCT07094711)
BOOST (NCT07094711) is a University of Virginia phase 2 randomized trial testing a single intradermal TICE BCG dose versus saline placebo in 48 adults with Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease, assessing safety, IFN-gamma immunogenicity, and sputum cultures.
BOOST-AMI trial
BOOST-AMI (NCT06746233) is a recruiting randomized, multicenter, open-label trial comparing paclitaxel drug-coated balloon alone versus drug-eluting stent in STEMI primary PCI; 598 patients, started December 2024, completion expected December 2028.
BOR syndrome
BOR syndrome (branchiootorenal, Melnick-Fraser syndrome) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder of branchial arches, ears, and kidneys, mainly caused by EYA1 or SIX1 variants, with hearing loss in over 90% and CAKUT in 67%.
Borax combo
Borax combo: slang for a research-chemical drug mixture mimicking MDMA, combining 5-MAPB and 5-MeO-MiPT, often with 2-FMA; not the mineral borax; tracked by NDEWS.
Borderline pattern
Borderline pattern (ICD-11 code 6D11.5) is an optional specifier for personality disorder diagnoses, requiring at least 5 of 9 DSM-5-derived borderline features; added as a compromise to preserve continuity of care and access to psychotherapy.
Borderline personality disorder
Borderline personality disorder (BPD), also called emotionally unstable personality disorder, is a mental illness of unstable relationships, self-image, emotions, and impulsivity; treated mainly with psychotherapy such as DBT.
Borjeson-Forssman-Lehmann syndrome
Borjeson-Forssman-Lehmann syndrome (BFLS, Börjeson syndrome) is a rare X-linked recessive neurodevelopmental disorder caused by PHF6 variants at Xq26, causing intellectual disability, obesity, hypogonadism, hypotonia, and coarse facies, mainly in males.
Borna virus encephalitis
Borna virus encephalitis, or BoDV-1 encephalitis, is a rare, mostly fatal zoonotic meningoencephalitis of central Europe, spread by the bicolored white-toothed shrew, confirmed in humans in 2018, with about 50 cases and no established therapy.
Boron Neutron Capture Therapy
Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), also called neutron capture therapy, is a binary radiotherapy using boron-10 drugs plus neutron irradiation; the 10B(n,alpha)7Li reaction kills tumor cells, used for gliomas, melanoma, and recurrent head and neck cancer.
Borreliasis
Borreliasis, also called Lyme borreliosis or Lyme disease, is infection with Borrelia spirochetes transmitted by Ixodes ticks, causing erythema migrans and possible neuroborreliosis; it is a non-WOAH-listed wildlife disease.
Bortezomib and dexamethasone regimen
The bortezomib–dexamethasone (Vd) regimen is a two-drug treatment for multiple myeloma that combines bortezomib with dexamethasone, approved for relapsed disease after at least one prior therapy.
Bortezomib and lenalidomide combination regimen
The bortezomib and lenalidomide combination regimen, known as VRd, is a three-drug chemotherapy regimen for multiple myeloma that pairs a proteasome inhibitor with an immunomodulatory drug and dexamethasone.
Bosakitug (BSI-045B)
Bosakitug (BSI-045B, ATI-045, TQC2731) is a humanized anti-TSLP monoclonal antibody developed by Biosion, licensed to Aclaris (ex-Greater China) and CTTQ (China), in Phase 2 for atopic dermatitis and Phase 3 asthma in China.
Bosentan
Bosentan (Tracleer) is an oral dual ETA/ETB endothelin receptor antagonist approved in 2001 for pulmonary arterial hypertension and systemic sclerosis digital ulcers, with hepatotoxicity REMS monitoring and CYP2C9/3A interactions.
Bosley-Salih-Alorainy syndrome
Bosley-Salih-Alorainy syndrome (BSAS, OMIM 601536) is a rare autosomal recessive HOXA1-related disorder with bilateral Duane retraction syndrome type 3, deafness, cerebrovascular and cardiac anomalies, and sometimes autism, without central hypoventilation.
Boston Bowel Preparation Scale
Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS), a validated 0-9 colonoscopy bowel prep score rating right, transverse, and left colon segments after washing; ICC 0.74, endorsed by 2024 ASGE-ACG quality indicators.
Boston Children's Hospital
Boston Children's Hospital, founded 1869 by Francis Henry Brown, is a Harvard-affiliated pediatric medical center at 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, with 485 licensed beds, top U.S. News pediatric rankings, and the largest pediatric research enterprise.
Bottle Feeding
Bottle feeding is giving infants expressed breast milk or infant formula from a bottle with a teat. Covers formula types, safe preparation at 70°C, responsive and paced technique, combination feeding, and history from 2000 BC vessels to modern bottles.