25,729 articles
TRIPOD+AI
TRIPOD+AI is a 27-item reporting guideline for studies developing or validating clinical prediction models with regression or machine learning, published in the BMJ in April 2024.
Triprolidine
Triprolidine is a first-generation H1 antihistamine developed in the 1950s for allergic rhinitis and cold symptoms, used almost always in combination with pseudoephedrine in products like Actifed.
Triptan
Triptans are selective 5-HT1B/1D receptor agonist drugs for acute migraine, starting with sumatriptan, discovered by Patrick Humphrey at Glaxo and launched in 1991; seven members exist, contraindicated in cardiovascular disease.
Trisectionectomy
Trisectionectomy, also called extended hepatectomy, is a major liver resection removing three of the four Couinaud sections, either right or left, to treat extensive tumors while leaving a functioning remnant.
Trismus
Trismus (lockjaw): restricted mouth opening, defined as ≤35 mm interincisal distance. Causes include TMJ disease, infection, tetanus, tumor ingrowth, surgery, and radiation-induced fibrosis; treated with stretching and jaw devices.
Trisomy
Trisomy (trisomy 21, Down syndrome; also trisomy 13, 18, sex chromosome trisomies): an extra third copy of a chromosome, usually from nondisjunction, detectable by cfDNA screening and diagnostic testing.
Trisomy 10p syndrome
Trisomy 10p syndrome, also called 10p trisomy, is a rare chromosomal disorder from duplication of chromosome 10's short arm, causing intellectual disability, craniofacial malformations, clubfoot, and cleft palate, usually via inherited balanced translocation, with about 50-60 cases reported.
Trisomy 12p syndrome
Trisomy 12p syndrome, also called duplication 12p, is a rare chromosomal disorder in which extra genetic material from chromosome 12's short arm causes developmental delay, low muscle tone, and distinctive facial features.
Trisomy 17p syndrome
Trisomy 17p syndrome (Dup(17p)) is a rare chromosomal disorder from duplication of chromosome 17's short arm, causing growth retardation, developmental delay, hypotonia, heart defects, and facial dysmorphia; fewer than 15 patients described.
Trisomy 18 syndrome
Trisomy 18 syndrome, also called Edwards syndrome, is a chromosomal disorder caused by an extra chromosome 18, first described in 1960 and second most common after trisomy 21.
Trisomy 18p syndrome
Trisomy 18p syndrome, also called duplication 18p, is a rare chromosomal disorder involving an extra copy of the short arm of chromosome 18, causing developmental delay and epilepsy.
Trisomy 1q syndrome
Trisomy 1q syndrome (duplication 1q, ORPHA:261344) is a rare chromosomal disorder from partial duplication of chromosome 1q, causing intellectual disability, short stature, craniofacial dysmorphism, cardiac and urogenital anomalies; severity rises as the duplication extends toward 1q32.
Trisomy 20p syndrome
Trisomy 20p syndrome, also called duplication 20p, is a rare chromosomal disorder from duplication of the short arm of chromosome 20, causing intellectual disability, speech delay, poor coordination, and distinctive facial features; fewer than 60 cases reported.
Trisomy 4p syndrome
Trisomy 4p syndrome, also called duplication 4p or 4p duplication, is a rare chromosomal disorder from extra short-arm chromosome 4 material, causing growth and developmental delay, craniofacial dysmorphism, and skeletal, cardiac, and renal anomalies.
Trisomy 5p syndrome
Trisomy 5p syndrome, also called duplication 5p, is a rare chromosomal disorder caused by duplication of the short arm of chromosome 5, causing macrocephaly, intellectual disability, and distinctive facial features.
Trisomy 8p syndrome
Trisomy 8p syndrome, also called duplication 8p (ORPHA:264450), is a rare chromosomal disorder from partial duplication of chromosome 8's short arm, causing variable intellectual disability, hypotonia, dysmorphism, and brain abnormalities.
Trisomy 8q syndrome
Trisomy 8q syndrome, also called duplication 8q or partial trisomy 8q, is a rare chromosomal disorder with an extra copy of part of chromosome 8's long arm, causing developmental delay.
Trisomy 9p syndrome
Trisomy 9p syndrome (duplication 9p) is a rare chromosomal disorder with three copies of chromosome 9's short arm, causing intellectual disability, craniofacial dysmorphism, and short stature; fourth most common trisomy, first described 1970.
Tritanopia
Tritanopia, or blue color blindness, is a rare autosomal dominant color vision deficiency caused by OPN1SW mutations that eliminate S-cone (blue) function, causing blue-green and yellow-violet confusions without reducing visual acuity.
Tritoqualine
Tritoqualine (Hypostamine, Livalfa, Inhibostamin), ATC R06AX21, is an isoquinoline histidine decarboxylase inhibitor with no H1 receptor action, used for allergic rhinitis and studied for anesthesia-related histamine reactions.
Trivanga bhasma
Trivanga bhasma is a trimetallic Ayurvedic medicine made from calcined ashes of lead, tin, and zinc, used traditionally to treat diabetes mellitus and urinary disorders.
Trivikrama rasa
Trivikrama rasa (त्रिविक्रमरस) is a herbomineral Ayurvedic Rasashastra formulation of calcined copper, mercury, sulphur, Vitex negundo juice, and goat milk, dosed at 250 mg for ashmari (urinary calculi).
Trocar
A trocar is a surgical device that pierces the body wall to place a cannula, creating an access channel for instruments, optics, and gas, especially in laparoscopy.
Trochlear nerve
Trochlear nerve (CN IV), fourth cranial nerve, purely motor to the superior oblique muscle; smallest cranial nerve with the longest intracranial course and the only dorsal brainstem exit; palsy causes vertical diplopia and head tilt.
Trofinetide
Trofinetide, sold as Daybue, is a synthetic peptide drug approved in the United States in March 2023 as the first FDA-approved treatment for Rett syndrome.
Trofosfamide
Trofosfamide (TFF, Ixoten, A-4828) is an oral oxazaphosphorine prodrug metabolized mainly to ifosfamide; approved in Europe for lymphoma, used off-label as low-dose palliative/maintenance therapy in soft tissue sarcoma.
Trojan (brand)
Trojan is America's #1 condom brand, founded via Youngs' Rubber Company in 1916 and owned by Church & Dwight since its 2001-2004 Carter Wallace acquisition, holding roughly 70 percent of the U.S. condom market with 30-plus varieties.
Troleandomycin
Troleandomycin (triacetyloleandomycin, TAO) is a discontinued semi-synthetic 14-membered macrolide antibiotic made by acetylating oleandomycin, approved in 1969 for respiratory infections and known as a prototypical mechanism-based CYP3A4 inhibitor.
TROOPeR trial
TROOPeR (NCT02706613) was a UK non-inferiority RCT comparing the myCOPD/myPR online pulmonary rehabilitation programme with face-to-face PR in 90 COPD patients, showing non-inferior 6MWT and CAT outcomes but lower app adherence.
Trophectoderm biopsy
Trophectoderm biopsy is an IVF micromanipulation procedure that removes 5 to 10 cells from a blastocyst's outer layer, days 5 to 7 after insemination, for preimplantation genetic testing.