Life and health

Mogoplistidae

Mogoplistidae (scaly crickets), family Costa 1855 in Grylloidea, type genus Mogoplistes; about 400 species of small crickets covered in rub-off translucent scales, sister to other true-cricket families, with rare Cretaceous amber fossils.

MOGS-CDG

MOGS-CDG, formerly known as congenital disorder of glycosylation type IIb (CDG-IIb), is a rare autosomal recessive metabolic disease caused by MOGS gene variants, causing developmental delay, hypotonia, and seizures.

Mohamed A. Marahiel

Mohamed A. Marahiel is a German-based biochemist and professor at Philipps-Universität Marburg since 1990, known for his work on non-ribosomal peptide synthetases, which bacteria use to build antibiotic peptides, and on lasso peptides.

Mohamed Bentires-Alj

Mohamed Bentires-Alj, born 1972, is a Moroccan-Belgian cancer biologist and professor of experimental surgical oncology at the University of Basel, known for work on breast cancer metastasis and therapy resistance.

Sep 20, 2026

Mohamed H. Sayegh

Mohamed H. Sayegh is a transplantation immunologist and nephrologist known for T-cell costimulation research and as dean of medicine at the American University of Beirut.

Oct 10, 2026

Mohamed Hijri

Mohamed Hijri is a biologist and full professor at the Université de Montréal known for research on the genetics, genomics, and evolution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.

Mohamed S. Donia

Mohamed S. Donia (Mohamed Samir Abou Donia) is an associate professor of molecular biology at Princeton University who leads a lab studying how the human gut microbiome chemically modifies drugs.

Mohammad Sultan Khuroo

Mohammad Sultan Khuroo (M. S. Khuroo) is an Indian gastroenterologist and hepatologist from Kashmir, known for describing hepatobiliary and pancreatic ascariasis in a 1990 Lancet paper.

Mohammed K. Ali

Mohammed K. Ali is an Emory University physician-epidemiologist and National Academy of Medicine member who researches diabetes prevention and care in low- and middle-income countries.

MOHO trial

MOHO trial (NCT07677644), a completed quasi-experimental study in Chennai, India, testing a 12-week Model of Human Occupation occupational therapy program in 12 mentally ill offenders; life skills improved (p=.006) but WHOQOL-BREF quality of life did not change significantly.

Oct 20, 2026

Mohr-Tranebjaerg syndrome

Mohr-Tranebjaerg syndrome (DDON, deafness-dystonia-optic neuronopathy) is a rare X-linked recessive TIMM8A disorder: childhood deafness, adolescent dystonia or ataxia, adult visual loss, dementia; BTK deletions add XLA (XLA-MTS).

Mohs surgery

Mohs surgery, or Mohs micrographic surgery, is a skin cancer removal technique developed by Frederic Mohs in the 1930s, using layer-by-layer excision with 100 percent microscopic margin control, cure rates up to 99 percent, and maximal tissue sparing.

Sep 20, 2026

Mohsen Naghavi

Mohsen Naghavi is an Iranian-born epidemiologist, professor of health metrics sciences at the University of Washington's IHME, who led the Global Burden of Disease estimates of bacterial antimicrobial resistance.

Mohsin Wali

Mohsin Wali (born 1953, Bijnor) is an Indian physician and Padma Shri (2007) cardiologist, personal physician to Presidents Venkataraman, Sharma, and Mukherjee, geriatric medicine pioneer, and senior consultant at Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, Delhi.

Moire Topography

Moire topography (Moiré topography, shadow and projection moiré) is a radiation-free optical 3D morphometry method using interference fringes, used since 1970 mainly for scoliosis screening; moderate evidence supports reliability but not superiority over radiography.

Moitessieriidae

Moitessieriidae (Bourguignat, 1863) is a family of minute, dioecious truncatelloidean snails living exclusively in subterranean and thermal waters, mostly known from empty shells; monophyly debated, closely related to Cochliopidae, with Balkan genera Paladilhiopsis, Iglica, Bythiospeum.

Molar (tooth)

Molar, the multi-cusped posterior grinding tooth (third molar = wisdom tooth). Humans have 12 permanent molars, typically three-rooted with 4–5 cusps; first molars erupt at 6–7 years, third at 17–21, and are prime targets for fissure sealants.

Molar pregnancy

Molar pregnancy (hydatidiform mole) is an abnormal conception where placental tissue grows into a noncancerous tumor; complete moles lack an embryo, partial moles have 69 chromosomes, and hCG follow-up guards against gestational trophoblastic neoplasia.

Molasses

Molasses (Portuguese melaço) is the thick dark syrup left after cane or beet sugar crystallization; grades run light, dark, and blackstrap from successive boilings, with 48-53% sugars, used in feed, fermentation, ethanol, rum, and baking.

Mold

Mold (mould): filamentous fungi forming hyphae and mycelium, reproducing by spores; not a taxonomic group. Covers indoor genera (Aspergillus, Penicillium), health effects, mycotoxins, food uses, and remediation guidance.

Mold health issues

Mold health issues: respiratory and allergic effects from indoor mold and dampness, including asthma exacerbation and development, cough, wheeze, and hypersensitivity pneumonitis; established by IOM 2004 and WHO 2009 reviews.

Mold mites

Mold mites are small pale mites, chiefly Tyrophagus species, that feed on mold in damp homes and stored foods, multiplying rapidly above 65% relative humidity.

Mole (animal)

Mole (animal): Talpidae, the true moles of the Holarctic, small fossorial insectivores related to shrews, eating 70-100% of body weight daily; distinct from golden moles and mole rats, which evolved burrowing independently.

Mole cricket

Mole crickets (Gryllotalpidae, about 65 species) are burrowing orthopterans with shovel-like dactyl forelegs, horn-shaped resonator burrows for male song, and invasive Neoscapteriscus pests in the southeastern US controlled by Larra wasps, Steinernema nematodes, and Ormia flies.

Mole salamander

Mole salamander (Ambystomatidae) is a family of about 30 burrowing North American salamander species in genus Ambystoma, 10–30 cm long, with aquatic larvae, spring pond migrations, and neotenic members like the axolotl; the name also denotes the species Ambystoma talpoideum.