72,234 articles
Monascus
Monascus is a genus of Aspergillaceae fungi (red yeast rice, ang-kak) used in Asian fermented foods; species produce azaphilone pigments, monacolin K, and the mycotoxin citrinin, and are classified in sections Floridani and Rubri.
Mondor disease
Mondor disease, also Mondor's disease, is a rare self-limited superficial thrombophlebitis of the chest wall, penis, or axilla, first described by Henri Mondor in 1939, presenting as a painful cord.
Mone Zaidi
Mone Zaidi is a physician-scientist in endocrinology and bone biology at Mount Sinai in New York, known for showing that the pituitary hormone FSH regulates bone mass.
Monellin
Monellin: sweet-tasting protein from the West African serendipity berry Dioscoreophyllum cumminsii; two-chain 10.7 kDa dimer, about 3,000 times sweeter than sucrose by weight, heat-unstable, not yet approved as a sweetener.
Monera
Monera is the obsolete prokaryotic kingdom of Whittaker's 1969 five-kingdom system, abandoned after Woese's rRNA work split it into the domains Bacteria and Archaea; NCBI now lists it only as an in-part synonym of Bacteria.
Mongolarachne
Mongolarachne (Mongolarachnidae), formerly Nephila jurassica, an extinct Middle Jurassic spider genus from Daohugou, Inner Mongolia; largest known fossil spider at ~24.6 mm body length, reclassified in 2013 as a stem orbicularian.
Mongolian spot
Mongolian spot, or congenital dermal melanocytosis, slate grey nevus: a benign blue-gray birthmark of newborns on the lower back and buttocks, affecting over 90% of East Asian infants, fading in early childhood, and often mistaken for bruising.
Mongolian wolf
Mongolian wolf (saaral chono), a grey wolf population of Mongolia and Inner Mongolia/Xinjiang, formerly Canis lupus chanco; contested taxonomy, 10,000–30,000+ population estimates, no legal protection, heavy hunting and herder conflict.
Mongoose
Mongoose, any of 34 species of the family Herpestidae, small African and Asian carnivores famed for killing venomous snakes via nAChR mutations; includes the meerkat and the invasive small Indian mongoose (Urva auropunctata).
Mongrel
Mongrel: a dog of mixed or indeterminate breed, also called mutt or mixed-breed dog. Genetic studies show mixed breeds carry fewer recessive disease conditions than purebreds and live about 1.2 years longer.
Monias
Monias is a monotypic genus of Madagascan bird containing the subdesert mesite (Monias benschi), a Vulnerable, cooperatively breeding terrestrial mesite restricted to spiny forest between the Fiherenana and Mangoky rivers in southwest Madagascar.
Mónica Bettencourt-Dias
Mónica Bettencourt-Dias, born in Lisbon in 1973, is a Portuguese cell biologist known for identifying PLK4 as the master regulator of centriole formation, and has directed the Centre for Genomic Regulation in Barcelona since 2026.
Monica Driscoll
Monica Driscoll is a molecular neuro-geneticist and Distinguished Professor at Rutgers University who studies neuronal degeneration, aging, and proteostasis in C. elegans, discovering exophers and elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 2023.
Monica Elizabeth Peek
Monica Elizabeth Peek is an American general internist and health equity researcher at the University of Chicago, known for research on diabetes disparities and structural racism in medical care.
Monica G. Turner
Monica G. Turner is an American landscape and ecosystem ecologist, the Eugene P. Odum Professor of Ecology at the University of Wisconsin–Madison and a pioneer of wildfire studies in Greater Yellowstone.
Monica M. Bertagnolli
Monica M. Bertagnolli is an American surgical oncologist and colorectal cancer researcher who was the 16th director of the National Cancer Institute and the 17th director of the NIH.
Monica M. Farley
Monica M. Farley is an infectious-disease physician and epidemiologist, emerita professor of medicine at Emory University, known for population-based surveillance of group B streptococcus and MRSA.
Monica Morrow
Monica Morrow is an American breast surgical oncologist, Chief of the Breast Service at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, known for the ACOSOG Z0011 trial.
Monika Kumari Goyal
Monika Kumari Goyal is an American pediatric emergency medicine physician and health equity researcher at Children's National Hospital, elected to the National Academy of Medicine.
Monilethrix
Monilethrix (beaded hair) is a rare genetic hair shaft disorder, usually autosomal dominant via KRT81, KRT83, or KRT86 mutations, causing fragile beaded hair and patchy alopecia from early childhood.
Monilinia fructicola
Monilinia fructicola (G. Winter) Honey, also Sclerotinia fructicola, is a Sclerotiniaceae ascomycete causing brown rot and blossom blight of stone and pome fruit; type species of Monilinia, an EPPO A2 quarantine pest.
Monimiaceae
Monimiaceae Juss. (nom. cons., 1809) is a family of about 200 species of aromatic evergreen trees and shrubs in Laurales, centered in New Guinea and the southern hemisphere, with an extensive Cretaceous fossil record.
Monique Ernst
Monique Ernst is a neuroscientist at the NIMH in Bethesda known for the triadic model of adolescent motivated behavior and PET and fMRI studies of ADHD and anxiety.
Monique M.B. Breteler
Monique M.B. Breteler, also known as Monique Breteler, is a Dutch neuroepidemiologist who built the Rotterdam Study and, since 2011, directs Population Health Sciences at the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases in Bonn.
Monitor lizard
Varanus is the lizard genus of monitor lizards (goannas), family Varanidae, described by Merrem in 1820; roughly 86-93 species across Africa, Asia, and Australia, including the Komodo dragon, the largest living lizard.
Monk fruit extract
Monk fruit extract (Luo Han Guo, Siraitia grosvenorii), a mogroside-based non-caloric sweetener 100-400 times sweeter than sugar; GRAS in the US, under EU review, temporary JECFA ADI.
Monk parakeet
Monk parakeet (Myiopsitta monachus), or Quaker parakeet, a South American parrot and the only parrot building communal stick nests; invasive in 26 countries, damaging power utilities, with over 22,000 birds in Europe.
Monk seal
Monk seals: three related warm-water seal species, Mediterranean (Monachus monachus), Hawaiian (Neomonachus schauinslandi), and extinct Caribbean (M. tropicalis). Two survive, both critically rare; Hawaiian population about 1,600, Mediterranean about 800.
Monkey
A monkey is a primate of the New World or Old World groups, usually tailed, smaller-brained than apes, and found in the Americas, Africa, and Asia.
Monkey Drug Trials
Monkey Drug Trials: 1969 University of Michigan study by Deneau, Yanagita, and Seevers in which rhesus monkeys and rats self-injected morphine, cocaine, codeine, alcohol, and amphetamines, founding modern drug self-administration addiction research.