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Candida haemulonii
Candida haemulonii, also called Torulopsis haemulonii, is a rare multidrug-resistant yeast pathogen; its complex includes C. duobushaemulonii and C. haemulonii var. vulnera, and it is the most common misidentification of Candida auris in biochemical lab tests.
Candida meningitis
Candida meningitis, a rare fungal meningitis usually caused by Candida albicans, arises by hematogenous spread or direct inoculation after neurosurgery or device placement; treated with liposomal amphotericin B plus flucytosine, then fluconazole, with about 35% mortality.
Candida oleophila
Candida oleophila is a nonpathogenic yeast found naturally on fruits, flowers, and wood, used as a biocontrol agent against postharvest molds on apples, pears, and citrus.
Candida parapsilosis
Candida parapsilosis, a skin-colonizing yeast of the psilosis complex (with C. orthopsilosis and C. metapsilosis), causes candidemia in neonates and catheterized patients, forms drug-resistant biofilms, and shows emerging fluconazole resistance.
Candida tropicalis
Candida tropicalis (Oidium tropicale) is a diploid ascomycete yeast, NCBI taxon 5482, human commensal and major candidemia agent in Asia and South America, osmotolerant to 15% NaCl, with strong biofilm formation and rising azole resistance.
Candida utilis
Candida utilis, also known as Torula yeast or Torula utilis, is a Crabtree-negative yeast grown industrially on cheap carbon sources and used as a food additive and feed protein.
Candidatus and uncultivated Thermoplasmata lineages
Candidatus and uncultivated Thermoplasmata lineages are archaeal clades known almost entirely from metagenome-assembled genomes and 16S rRNA sequences, not laboratory cultures, so their names remain provisional.
Candidatus designation
Candidatus designation: provisional prefix for names of uncultivated bacteria and archaea, proposed by Murray and colleagues in the mid-1990s; Candidatus names lack standing under the ICNP but are now regulated by Section 10 and can be validated after cultivation or under the SeqCode.
Candidatus Freyarchaeota
Candidatus Freyarchaeota is a lineage of Asgard archaea formally described in 2024 as the class Ca. Freyarchaeia, known only from metagenome-assembled genomes and one complete genome from California wetland soil; none has been cultivated.
Candidatus genera of ARMAN archaea
The Candidatus genera of ARMAN archaea are provisionally named ultrasmall archaea, assigned to the candidate phyla Micrarchaeota and Parvarchaeota, first detected in acid mine drainage biofilms at Richmond Mine, California.
Candidatus monotypic archaeal taxa
Candidatus monotypic archaeal taxa are uncultivated archaeal lineages described provisionally under Candidatus nomenclature with a single named member, such as 'Ca. Hodarchaeum' with its sole species 'Ca. Hodarchaeum mangrovi'.
Candidatus Prometheoarchaeum syntrophicum
Candidatus Prometheoarchaeum syntrophicum, strain MK-D1, is an extremely slow-growing Asgard archaeon cultured from a methane seep off Japan after 12 years, the first Asgard archaeon grown in the laboratory.
Candidiasis
Candidiasis, or yeast infection, is a fungal infection from Candida overgrowth, causing thrush, vaginal candidiasis, and invasive candidiasis; candidemia carries about 30% in-hospital mortality and echinocandins are first-line treatment.
Candiru (fish)
Candiru (Vandellia cirrhosa), also called toothpick fish or canero, is a small Amazonian parasitic catfish that feeds on fish gill blood; its famed urethra-invading behavior is a disputed myth.
Candling
Candling is a method of holding a light source against an intact egg to view its contents through the shell, used to assess fertility, embryo development, and viability.
Candrakala Rasa
Candrakala Rasa (Candrakalā Rasa), a Kharaliya herbo-mineral Ayurvedic formulation of mercury, sulphur, copper and mica calx with cooling herbs, used for Pitta disorders, fever, bleeding, and dysuria; dose 125-750 mg.
Candramrta Rasa
Candramrta Rasa (Chandramrita Rasa, चन्द्रामृत रस) is a classical Ayurvedic herbo-mineral rasayoga pill for cough (kasa), defined in the Rasajalanidhi and Ayurvedic Formulary of India, containing processed metals and studied for children's cough.
Candramsu Rasa
Candramsu Rasa (Candrāṃśu rasa) is a classical Ayurvedic herbo-mineral formulation in the Ayurvedic Formulary of India (AFI000624), containing purified mercury, sulphur, calcined iron, tin, biotite mica, and Aloe vera root, dosed at 250 mg for gynecological indications.
Candraprabha vati
Candraprabha vati (चन्द्रप्रभा वटी), or Chandraprabha Vati, is a classical 37-ingredient Ayurvedic herbo-mineral pill from Sharangadhara Samhita, used for urinary disorders and Prameha (diabetes), with rat and clinical studies supporting antihyperglycemic and urolithiasis effects.
Candrodaya Varti
Candrodaya Varti (Candrodayā vartti) is a classical Ayurvedic herbo-mineral eye suppository from Bhaishajya Ratnavali with nine ingredients including realgar, used for Timira, Arma, and lens opacity; rabbit toxicity testing found no ocular irritation.
Cane Corso
The Cane Corso (Cane Corso Italiano), also known as the Italian Mastiff, is a large Italian mastiff-type working dog descended from Roman war dogs and known as a loyal protector.
Cane toad
Cane toad (Rhinella marina, formerly Bufo marinus), a toxic toad native to the Americas, introduced to Queensland, Australia from Hawaii in 1935 against cane beetles; now a 200-million-strong invasive pest across northern Australia.
Cane toads in Australia
Cane toads (Rhinella marina, formerly Bufo marinus) in Australia: invasive toxic toads introduced from Hawaii in 1935 at Gordonvale, Queensland, to control cane beetles; they failed, spread at 40–60 km/year, poison native predators, and have no broadscale control.
Canertinib
Canertinib (CI-1033, PD 183805) is Pfizer's oral irreversible pan-ErbB tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR, HER2, HER4; IC50 0.8, 19, 7 nM) that reached phase II trials in breast and ovarian cancer but was never approved and development stopped.
Canes
Canes (walking sticks) are single- or multi-point mobility aids for balance and partial weight bearing. Fitted to the wrist crease with 20-30 degrees elbow flexion, held opposite the weak leg; 10% of US adults over 65 use one.
Canfosfamide
Canfosfamide (TLK286, Telcyta) is a glutathione analogue prodrug activated by GST P1-1 into a DNA-alkylating metabolite; phase III trials in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer showed no significant overall benefit.
Cangeri ghrta
Cangeri ghṛta (चाङ्गेरीघृतम्) is an Ayurvedic medicated ghee made with Oxalis corniculata juice, curd, and pungent herbs, prescribed mainly for grahaṇī and other digestive disorders.
Cangitoxin
Cangitoxin (CGTX, CGX) is a 48-residue, 4958 Da type 1 sodium channel neurotoxin from the sea anemone Bunodosoma cangicum; it delays Nav channel inactivation at site 3, induces status epilepticus in rats, and has isoforms CGTX-II and CGTX-III selective for Nav1.5.
Cangrelor
Cangrelor (Kengreal, Kengrexal) is a rapid-onset, reversible intravenous P2Y12 platelet inhibitor used as an adjunct to PCI and for bridging to surgery; FDA approved 2015 after the CHAMPION PHOENIX trial.
Canidae
Canidae, the dog family, comprises terrestrial carnivores with long snouts and non-retractable claws: dogs, wolves, coyotes, foxes, jackals, raccoon dogs. About 34 species diverged within 10 million years; fossil record spans 40 million years.