Life and health

CT scan

A CT scan, also known as a CAT scan, is a medical imaging procedure that uses rotating X-rays to produce cross-sectional images of the body.

CT severity score

The CT severity score (CT-SS) is a semi-quantitative radiological method grading lung involvement on chest CT, widely applied during the COVID-19 pandemic to predict ICU admission and death.

CT simulation

CT simulation is the radiotherapy planning procedure in which a CT scan of a patient in the treatment position defines targets and organs at risk for radiation therapy.

CT texture analysis (CTTA) is a radiomics method that extracts statistical texture features from CT images to quantify tissue and lesion heterogeneity, used in tumor grading, prognosis, and therapy response assessment.

CT urography

CT urography (CTU) is a computed tomography scan of the urinary tract with intravenous contrast, used for hematuria workup and staging of urinary tract cancers.

CT-CROP trial

CT-CROP (NCT02395939) trial: multicentre Australia-New Zealand randomized trial comparing R-EBUS guided cryobiopsy (Cryo-Radial) with CT-guided transthoracic biopsy for peripheral pulmonary lesions; similar diagnostic yield (85% vs 93.8%) with far fewer pneumothoraces (4.2% vs 44%).

CT-guided biopsy

CT-guided biopsy is a percutaneous diagnostic procedure in which computed tomography guides a needle into a suspected lesion to obtain tissue samples, first reported in 1976.

CT032 (CD19 CAR-T)

CT032 (CT-032, CSG-CD19) is CARsgen Therapeutics' autologous humanized-scFv CD19-targeted CAR-T candidate for relapsed/refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, in a Chinese Phase I/II trial (NCT03994913) and licensed for South Korea to HK inno.N.

CTAG/Pcc1 family

CTAG/Pcc1 family (InterPro IPR015419, Pfam PF09341): protein family related to the KEOPS complex subunit Pcc1, with human members CTAG1A/CTAG1B (NY-ESO-1), CTAG2, and LAGE3, cancer/testis antigens of unclear function.

CTBP1

CTBP1 (C-terminal binding protein 1), gene on 4p16.3, is an NAD(H)-dependent transcriptional corepressor binding PLDLS-motif factors, a redox-sensitive dimerizer, Golgi fission factor, and oncogenic repressor of tumor suppressor genes.

CTBP2

CTBP2 (C-terminal binding protein 2) is a human gene on chromosome 10 encoding the CtBP2 transcriptional co-repressor and RIBEYE, the core protein of synaptic ribbons.

CTCF

CTCF, or CCCTC-binding factor, is an 11-zinc-finger DNA-binding protein that organizes genome folding in animal cells, anchoring chromatin loops and blocking the loop-extruding cohesin complex to insulate topologically associating domains.

ctDNA assay

A ctDNA assay is a blood-based diagnostic test that detects circulating tumor DNA released by tumors, used to select therapy, detect molecular residual disease, and monitor relapse.

ctDNA monitoring

CtDNA monitoring is a liquid-biopsy method that repeatedly measures tumor-derived DNA fragments in blood plasma to track tumor burden over time, detecting colorectal cancer recurrence a mean 8.7 months before imaging.

Cte f 1

Cte f 1 (FS-1) is the 18 kDa WHO/IUIS-listed major allergen of the cat flea Ctenocephalides felis; recombinant Cte f 1 binds IgE in flea-allergic dogs and inhibits flea serum antigen IgE binding by over 80%.

Ctenitis

Ctenitis (C.Chr.) C.Chr. is a pantropical fern genus of Dryopteridaceae with about 125–147 species, recognized by ctenitoid hairs, tufted fronds on erect rhizomes, and centers of diversity in the Neotropics and Western Indian Ocean islands.

Ctenizidae

Ctenizidae, also known as cork-lid trapdoor spiders, is a family of mygalomorph trapdoor spiders restricted to two Mediterranean genera, Cteniza and Cyrtacernum, after molecular phylogenetics clarified its boundaries.

Ctenodactylidae

Ctenodactylidae, also known as gundis, is a family of rodents restricted to North and East Africa, containing five species and an Eocene fossil record.

Ctenodactylus gundi

Ctenodactylus gundi, the common or North African gundi (Rothman, 1777), is a comb-fingered rodent of rocky North African deserts; type species of Ctenodactylidae, host in which Toxoplasma gondii was discovered in 1908, IUCN Least Concern.

Ctenodonta

Ctenodonta (Salter, 1852) is an extinct Ordovician nuculoid bivalve genus with an elongate shell and taxodont hinge teeth; type species C. contracta, a catch-all name for over 180 Ordovician species.

Ctenomyidae

Ctenomyidae, the tuco-tucos (genus Ctenomys), is a family of South American fossorial caviomorph rodents, up to about 700 g, with hypsodont teeth, chromosome numbers 2n=10-70, and complex burrow systems.

Ctenomys

Ctenomys, tuco-tucos, a genus of about 68-70 subterranean rodent species (family Ctenomyidae) endemic to southern South America from Peru to Tierra del Fuego; 78% of species assessed as threatened in 2023.

Ctenophora

Ctenophora (comb jellies, sea gooseberries) is a phylum of about 200 marine gelatinous carnivores with eight ciliary comb rows, colloblasts, and biradial symmetry; its sister-group position to all other animals is debated.

Ctenophore bioluminescence

Ctenophore bioluminescence is the production of blue-green light by comb jellies (phylum Ctenophora). Most planktonic species emit flashes from photocytes, powered by calcium-activated photoproteins and coelenterazine, with light peaking near 486 nm.

Ctenophorus

Ctenophorus, Australian dragon lizards (Agamidae), Fitzinger 1843, type species C. decresii; 42 arid-adapted endemic species, ~10-12 MYA cladogenesis, includes threatened C. yinnietharra.

Ctenophthalmidae

Ctenophthalmidae, a family of fleas (Siphonaptera) with nine subfamilies and roughly 664-744 species, mainly Holarctic rodent parasites; historically a paraphyletic catchall family whose status remains taxonomically controversial.

Ctenosaura

Ctenosaura, spiny-tailed iguanas (synonym Enyaliosaurus), is a genus of iguanine lizards from northern Mexico through Panama with 15-18 recognized species, including island endemics and the introduced Florida C. similis.

Ctenosaura flavidorsalis

Ctenosaura flavidorsalis, the Yellow-backed Spiny-tailed Iguana, is a small dry-forest iguanid lizard described by Köhler & Klemmer in 1994, reaching 170 mm SVL, from eastern Guatemala, El Salvador, and Honduras; IUCN Near Threatened since 2020, not CITES-listed.

Ctenotus

Ctenotus is a genus of Australian skinks known as comb-eared skinks, with about 107 species and often 10% to 25% of the lizard fauna in desert regions.