72,234 articles
Dorosoma cepedianum
Dorosoma cepedianum, the American gizzard shad (also gizzard shad, skipjack, hickory shad), is a North American clupeid fish of the family Dorosomatidae, a filter-feeding planktivore with over 400 gill rakers, ~300,000 eggs per female, and IUCN Least Concern status.
Dorosoma petenense
Dorosoma petenense, threadfin shad (sardina maya), a small schooling clupeiform fish native to Gulf of Mexico drainages from Florida to Guatemala, widely stocked as forage; cold-sensitive, filter-feeding planktivore.
Dorothea Bennett
Dorothea Bennett (1929–1990) was an American geneticist known for her work on early mammalian development, especially the mouse T/t complex, at Cornell, Sloan-Kettering, and Texas.
Dorothea Zucker-Franklin
Dorothea Zucker-Franklin (1929–2015) was a German-born American hematologist at New York University who used electron microscopy to work out the fine structure of blood cells.
Dorothee Kern
Dorothee Kern is a German-born biophysical chemist who uses NMR spectroscopy to watch proteins move, an HHMI Investigator, and a founder of Relay Therapeutics and MOMA Therapeutics.
Dorothy Brooten
Dorothy Brooten is an American nurse scientist and professor at Florida International University, a National Academy of Medicine member known for the Quality Cost Model of transitional care.
Dorothy Cheney
Dorothy Cheney (1950–2018) was an American primatologist who, with her husband Robert Seyfarth, pioneered playback experiments on wild vervet monkeys in Kenya and baboons in Botswana.
Dorothy E. Shippen
Dorothy E. Shippen is an American-trained biochemist and geneticist at Texas A&M University who established Arabidopsis thaliana as the model plant for telomere biology and discovered plant telomerase.
Dorothy M. Horstmann
Dorothy M. Horstmann was an American epidemiologist and virologist at Yale whose demonstration that poliovirus travels in blood enabled polio vaccines; she became Yale School of Medicine's first woman professor in 1961.
Dorothy Reed Mendenhall
Dorothy Reed Mendenhall (1874–1964) was an American physician who proved Hodgkin's disease was not tuberculosis, described the Reed–Sternberg cell, and led child health work in Wisconsin.
Dorothy T. Krieger
Dorothy T. Krieger was an American endocrinologist who directed endocrinology at Mount Sinai, showed pituitary peptide hormones are made in the brain, and received a special Lasker Foundation award in 1984.
Dorothy Wrinch
Dorothy Wrinch, who published as D. M. Wrinch, was a mathematician and biochemist who originated the cyclol theory of protein folding and taught at Smith College from 1942 to 1971.
Dorry L. Segev
Dorry L. Segev is an Israeli-born transplant surgeon and epidemiologist who directs the Center for Surgical and Transplant Applied Research at NYU Langone Health in New York.
Dorsal cochlear nucleus
Dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN), part of the cochlear nucleus with the ventral cochlear nucleus; a laminar, cerebellum-like auditory brainstem nucleus processing spectral cues for sound localization and implicated in tinnitus and hyperacusis.
Dorsal column–medial lemniscus pathway
Dorsal column–medial lemniscus (DCML) pathway: ascending CNS tract carrying fine touch, vibration, two-point discrimination, and conscious proprioception from the body (excluding the face) via dorsal root ganglion, dorsal column nuclei, medullary decussation, thalamic VPL, to postcentral gyrus.
Dorsal rhizotomy
Dorsal rhizotomy, also known as selective dorsal rhizotomy, is a neurosurgical procedure that divides sensory nerve rootlets to reduce spasticity, most often in children with cerebral palsy.
Dorsal root ganglion
Dorsal root ganglion (DRG, spinal ganglion): cluster of pseudo-unipolar sensory neuron cell bodies in each spinal nerve's dorsal root, within the neuroforamen; also the stimulation target FDA-approved in 2016 for chronic CRPS pain.
Dorsal root ganglion stimulation
Dorsal root ganglion stimulation is an implanted neuromodulation therapy for chronic focal neuropathic pain, FDA approved in 2016 for lower-limb complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS).
Dorsal root of spinal nerve
Dorsal root of spinal nerve (posterior root): the entirely sensory bundle of afferent axons, with cell bodies in the dorsal root ganglion, carrying touch, pain, and temperature from the periphery into the spinal cord's dorsal horn.
Dorsal slit
Dorsal slit (preputiotomy): a surgical incision through both foreskin layers at the penis's upper surface, relieving phimosis and paraphimosis and serving as a step in many circumcision techniques; quicker and less bloody than circumcision but cosmetically less uniform.
Dorsal veins of the penis
Dorsal veins of the penis: the superficial and deep dorsal veins, midline vessels draining the penile skin, glans, and corpora; deep vein empties into the prostatic venous plexus, with additional cavernosal and para-arterial veins described.
Dorsalis pedis artery
The dorsalis pedis artery, also called the arteria dorsalis pedis, is the artery on the upper surface of the foot and a continuation of the anterior tibial artery.
Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC, dlPFC), Brodmann areas 9 and 46 in the middle frontal gyrus: executive-control hub for working memory manipulation, planning, and self-control, and a leading tDCS/TMS target in depression and other neuropsychiatric disorders.
Dorylus
Dorylus (driver ants) is a genus of African army ants in Dorylinae, with colonies up to 20 million workers, swarm raids over 1,000 m2 daily, wingless queens, fission reproduction, and sausagefly males.
Dorzagliatin
Dorzagliatin (HuaTangNing, 华堂宁) is an oral dual-acting glucokinase activator by Hua Medicine for type 2 diabetes, approved in China in 2022 as the first marketed GKA, dosed 75 mg twice daily.
Dorzolamide
Dorzolamide, sold as Trusopt, is a topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor eye drop first approved in the United States in 1994 to lower elevated intraocular pressure in glaucoma.
Dosage form
A dosage form, also called a pharmaceutical form or unit dose, is the physical form a drug takes when dispensed, such as a tablet, capsule, or injection.
Dose calculation algorithm
A dose calculation algorithm is the computational engine of a radiation therapy treatment planning system, estimating the dose delivered to each voxel of a patient's tissues.
Dose fractionation
Dose fractionation is the division of a radiation therapy course into many small doses over days to weeks, so normal tissues repair while tumor damage accumulates.
Dose titration
Dose titration is the stepwise adjustment of a drug's dose, up or down, to reach a clinical target at the lowest effective dose for each patient.