72,234 articles
Enterolobium
Enterolobium (guanacaste, ear pod tree) is a genus of eight accepted Fabaceae tree species native from Mexico to southern tropical America, with twisted ear-shaped pods, valuable timber, and dry-season livestock forage.
Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli infection
Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) infection: diarrheal disease from an attaching-and-effacing E. coli pathotype carrying the LEE island; once the first E. coli linked to infant diarrhea, still a major cause in developing countries.
Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma
Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma (EATL), formerly type I EATL, is a rare aggressive intestinal T-cell lymphoma linked to coeliac disease and refractory coeliac disease type II; sibling entity MEITL. Median survival about 5 months; ASCT improves outcomes.
Enteropeptidase
Enteropeptidase (enterokinase, EC 3.4.21.9), a duodenal brush-border serine protease encoded by TMPRSS15, activates trypsinogen by cleaving its DDDDK peptide, starting the digestive protease cascade; its deficiency causes congenital enterokinase deficiency.
Enteroscopy
Enteroscopy is an endoscopic examination of the small intestine for obscure bleeding, tumors, and Crohn's disease; device-assisted techniques use balloons or a spiral overtube to reach deep bowel.
Enterosorption
Enterosorption: adsorption of gut contents onto an oral sorbent such as activated charcoal, used in overdose decontamination; term coined in the Soviet Union, dosing 10:1 charcoal-to-toxin, 25-100 g adults.
Enterostomy
An enterostomy is a surgical connection between a segment of the gastrointestinal tract and the abdominal wall skin, created for fecal diversion; more than 130,000 intestinal stomas are created yearly in the United States.
Enterotomy
An enterotomy is a surgical incision into the small intestine, performed to remove a foreign body, gallstone, or bezoar that cannot pass or be removed endoscopically.
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) infection, ICD-11 1A03.1, is toxin-mediated watery diarrhoea from LT/ST-producing E. coli; about 220 million episodes yearly, the leading cause of traveller's diarrhoea.
Enteroviral meningitis
Enteroviral meningitis is viral meningitis caused by non-polio enteroviruses, the leading identified cause of viral meningitis. EV-B species, especially echovirus 30, dominate outbreaks, which peak in summer, mainly affect children, and are confirmed by CSF PCR.
Enterovirus
Enterovirus is a Picornaviridae genus of small, non-enveloped positive-strand RNA viruses, including polioviruses, coxsackieviruses, echoviruses, and rhinoviruses; over 100 human serotypes in species EV-A–D and RV-A–C cause mild to severe disease.
Enterovirus 71 inactivated vaccine
An enterovirus 71 inactivated vaccine is a whole-virus vaccine grown in mammalian cells and chemically killed, licensed in China and Taiwan against severe EV71 hand, foot, and mouth disease.
Enterovirus betacoxsackie
Human Enterovirus B (EV-B) is a species of the genus Enterovirus, family Picornaviridae. It infect humans and includes most historically named echoviruses and 63 genetically characterized types.
Enterovirus deconjuncti
Enterovirus deconjuncti (formerly Enterovirus D) is a Picornaviridae species containing enterovirus D68, D70, D94, and D111; its type virus EV-D68 causes respiratory illness and acute flaccid myelitis.
Enthesitis-related juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Enthesitis-related juvenile idiopathic arthritis (ERA) is a subtype of childhood arthritis in which joints and tendon attachment sites become inflamed, linked to HLA-B27 and mostly affecting boys.
Entinostat
Entinostat (MS-275, SNDX-275) is an oral class I-selective benzamide HDAC inhibitor (HDAC1/HDAC3) studied in breast cancer and other tumors; approved in China in 2024, with PFS benefit but no overall survival gain in meta-analysis.
Entner–Doudoroff pathway
Entner–Doudoroff (ED) pathway, also called the ketogluconate pathway: a bacterial glycolytic route converting glucose to two pyruvate with one ATP, one NADH, one NADPH, discovered 1952 in Pseudomonas saccharophila.
Entolium
Entolium is an extinct genus of pectinid bivalve mollusks (family Entoliidae) erected by Meek in 1865, type species Pecten demissus, ranging from the Lower Triassic to the Maastrichtian with a cosmopolitan fossil record.
Entoloma
Entoloma (pinkgills) is a large agaric genus in Entolomataceae, defined by pink spore prints and angular basidiospores; about 1,800 species worldwide, mostly saprotrophic, with E. sinuatum as type species.
Entolomataceae
Entolomataceae (pinkgills), Kotl. & Pouzar 1972, a family of pink-spored Agaricales fungi with over 1,500 species worldwide; monophyletic, defined by epicorium-formed spore ornamentation, split into Entoloma and Rhodocybe-Clitopilus clades.
Entomologia Carniolica
Entomologia Carniolica, Scopoli's 1763 Latin catalog of Carniola's insects, 420 pages, 1,153 arthropod species, Linnaean method, published by Trattner in Vienna, foundational for Slovenian and Italian entomology.
Entomological Society of America
The Entomological Society of America is the largest professional society for entomologists. Founded in 1889, it has nearly 7,000 members worldwide and is based in Annapolis, Maryland.
Entomology
Entomology, the scientific study of insects and related arthropods, covers insect anatomy, classification, history from Aristotle to DNA barcoding, applied fields, and documented insect declines.
Entomopathogenic fungus
Entomopathogenic fungi, such as Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae, kill insects by penetrating the cuticle; used as mycoinsecticides, with 171 registered fungal insecticide types worldwide.
Entomopathogenic nematode
Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs), Steinernema and Heterorhabditis, are soil nematodes symbiotic with Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus bacteria that kill insect pests within two days; about 200 commercial biocontrol products exist.
Entomophagy (ἐντομοφαγία)
Entomophagy, from the Greek for insect eating, is the consumption of insects by humans, supplementing the diets of roughly 2 billion people, predominantly in Asia, Africa, and Latin America.
Entomophthora
Entomophthora is a genus of about 21 obligate insect-pathogenic fungi (Zoopagomycota, Entomophthorales) that kill flies and other insects and manipulate host behavior; type species E. muscae, the zombie-fly fungus described by Cohn in 1855.
Entomophthora muscae
Entomophthora muscae, the zombie fly fungus, is an obligate Entomophthorales fungal pathogen of adult flies, described by Cohn in 1855, that manipulates host behavior before death and disperses spores via conidial showers; it is a species complex including E. schizophorae and E. syrphi.
Entomophthorales
Entomophthorales, an order of Entomophthoromycota fungi (formerly Zygomycota), are mostly insect pathogens infecting via ballistic conidia and chitinases; Basidiobolus and Conidiobolus species also cause human entomophthoromycosis.
Entomopoxvirus spheroidin
Entomopoxvirus spheroidin: the ~110-115 kDa cysteine-rich major occlusion body protein of entomopoxviruses, forming spheroids that protect virions; no homology with baculovirus polyhedrin.