72,234 articles
Enzyte
Enzyte, a "natural male enhancement" dietary supplement from Berkeley Premium Nutraceuticals/Vianda of Cincinnati, known for Smiling Bob ads, QTc prolongation findings, and FTC and state fraud settlements.
Eocaecilia
Eocaecilia micropodia, Early Jurassic stem-group caecilian from the Kayenta Formation, Arizona; oldest known caecilian, described 1993, notable for retaining limbs and primitive skull bones.
Eocene Thermal Maximum 2
Eocene Thermal Maximum 2 (ETM-2, H-1, Elmo event), a hyperthermal warming ~53.7–54.1 Ma, ~1.8 Myr after the PETM, with a −1.5‰ carbon isotope excursion, ~3°C warming, and 2,600–3,800 Gt C released.
Eocene–Oligocene extinction event
The Eocene–Oligocene extinction event, or Eocene–Oligocene transition, was a period of faunal turnover about 34 million years ago, as Earth's climate shifted from greenhouse to icehouse.
Eocrinoidea
Eocrinoidea (Jaekel, 1918) is an extinct class of Cambrian to Ordovician stalked echinoderms with a sack-like theca, brachioles, and five ambulacra; gogiids are its largest order, and the group may be paraphyletic.
Eocyathispongia
Eocyathispongia (Eocyathispongia qiania) is a monotypic genus of 600-million-year-old Ediacaran fossil animal from the Doushantuo Formation, South China, described in 2015 as a sponge-grade organism with three hollow tubes and pinacocyte-like cells; its sponge identity is disputed and only one specimen is known.
Eocyte hypothesis
Eocyte hypothesis: James Lake's 1984 proposal that eukaryotes evolved from within archaea (eocytes, dawn cells), forming the two-domain tree of life, now supported by Asgard archaea and opposed to Woese's three-domain tree.
Eoin O'Brien
Eoin OʼBrien, born in Dublin in 1939, is an Irish cardiologist and hypertension researcher who established 24-hour ambulatory blood-pressure monitoring, holding professorships at RCSI and University College Dublin.
EoL-1
EoL-1, also written EOL-1, is a human eosinophilic leukemia cell line established from the blood of a 33-year-old man, known for carrying the FIP1L1-PDGFRA fusion kinase.
Eonycteris
Eonycteris (dawn bats) is a genus of nectar-feeding pteropodid bats with three species, including the cave nectar bat Eonycteris spelaea, the principal pollinator of durian and petai in Southeast Asia.
Eosin staining
Eosin staining is the counterstain step of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) histology, coloring cytoplasm, muscle, collagen, and red blood cells pink while hematoxylin stains nuclei blue-black.
Eosinopenia
Eosinopenia, a decreased blood eosinophil count (normal 0–500 cells/µL), occurs in acute stress, inflammation, glucocorticoid use, and bacterial infection; studied as a cheap rule-in infection marker, less accurate than CRP.
Eosinophil
Eosinophil: a bone marrow-derived granulocyte white blood cell with eosin-staining granules, first named by Paul Ehrlich in 1879. Regulated by IL-5 and GATA-1; resides mainly in the gut; drives allergy, asthma, and helminth responses; targeted by anti-IL-5 drugs like mepolizumab.
Eosinophilia
Eosinophilia: elevated blood eosinophil count (>500/µL, 0.5×10^9/L), also called hypereosinophilia above 1.5×10^9/L. Causes include allergy, drugs, parasites, and clonal blood disorders such as FIP1L1::PDGFRA disease.
Eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis
Eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis (EAF), also called IgG4-related eosinophilic angiocentric fibrosis, is a rare benign fibroinflammatory sinonasal lesion with onion-skin perivascular fibrosis, eosinophil-rich infiltrate, partial IgG4-related disease overlap, and frequent recurrence after resection.
Eosinophilic colitis
Eosinophilic colitis, also called eosinophilic colitis (EoC), is a rare eosinophilic gastrointestinal disease with eosinophil-rich colon inflammation of no secondary cause, peaking in neonates and young adults.
Eosinophilic cystitis
Eosinophilic cystitis (EC), a rare inflammatory bladder disease first described in 1960, features eosinophilic infiltration of the bladder wall, hematuria and frequency, diagnosis by cystoscopic biopsy, and steroid-antihistamine treatment with frequent recurrence.
Eosinophilic duodenitis
Eosinophilic duodenitis (EoD), also called eosinophilic enteritis of the duodenum, is a non-esophageal eosinophilic gastrointestinal disease with excess duodenal mucosal eosinophils; diagnosed by biopsy thresholds (about 30-50 eos/hpf) after excluding other causes.
Eosinophilic esophagitis
Eosinophilic esophagitis, also called allergic eosinophilic esophagitis, is a chronic immune-mediated disease of the esophagus and a leading cause of difficulty swallowing in children and young adults.
Eosinophilic fasciitis
Eosinophilic fasciitis, or Shulman syndrome, is a rare fibrosing disorder of the fascia first described by Shulman in 1974, causing scleroderma-like limb induration with eosinophilia in 63-93% of cases, sparing the fingers, and treated with corticosteroids.
Eosinophilic granuloma
Eosinophilic granuloma, also called eosinophilic granuloma of bone, is the most common, usually unifocal bone form of Langerhans cell histiocytosis, a benign tumor-like proliferation of Langerhans cells treated by observation, steroid injection, or curettage.
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis
Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, formerly known as Churg-Strauss syndrome, is a rare ANCA-associated vasculitis first reported in 1951, defined by asthma, eosinophilia, and necrotizing inflammation of small and medium blood vessels.
Eosinophilic meningitis due to Angiostrongylus cantonensis
Eosinophilic meningitis due to Angiostrongylus cantonensis, also called neuroangiostrongyliasis, is meningitis with eosinophils in the spinal fluid, caused by rat lungworm larvae in raw snails, slugs, or crustaceans.
Eosinophilic myelocyte
Eosinophilic myelocyte: an eosinophil precursor in bone marrow between promyelocyte and metamyelocyte, 18-20 µm, with orange-red specific granules, non-segmented nucleus, and the last mitotic stage of the lineage.
Eosinophilic myocarditis
Eosinophilic myocarditis (EM), also called Löffler endomyocarditis in its chronic form, is a rare inflammatory cardiomyopathy with eosinophilic infiltration of the heart muscle, caused by hypersensitivity, EGPA, HES, parasites, or idiopathic factors, and treated with cause-specific therapy plus corticosteroids.
Eosinophilic peritonitis
Eosinophilic peritonitis, also called peritoneal fluid eosinophilia, is a rare non-infectious, presumably allergic PD complication with eosinophil-rich cloudy dialysate, negative cultures, onset within a month of catheter insertion, treated with steroids or antihistamines.
Eostangeria
Eostangeria is an extinct cycad genus from Paleogene Europe and western North America and Miocene Bulgaria, with fernlike, Stangeria-like leaflets but Zamiaceae epidermal anatomy, transitional between Zamia and Stangeria.
Eothenomys
Eothenomys (Oriental or South Asian voles) is a vole genus, family Cricetidae, subfamily Arvicolinae, endemic to the Trans-Himalayan Hengduan Mountains of southwest China; rootless molars, ~17 species, late Pliocene origin.
EP regimen
The EP regimen, also written as PE, is a chemotherapy doublet of etoposide and cisplatin used mainly for small cell lung cancer and germ cell tumors including testicular cancer.
Epacadostat
Epacadostat (INCB024360) is Incyte's oral IDO1 inhibitor for cancer immunotherapy. Its phase 3 melanoma trial ECHO-301/KEYNOTE-252 showed no benefit over pembrolizumab alone, halting most development.