72,234 articles
Epafipase
Epafipase (rPAF-AH, Pafase), INN 8012, CAS 208576-22-1, is investigational recombinant human platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase that inactivates PAF; its phase III sepsis trial failed to reduce mortality.
Epalrestat
Epalrestat (エパルレスタット), brand Kinedak, is an oral aldose reductase inhibitor developed by Ono Pharmaceutical for diabetic peripheral neuropathy; approved in Japan in 1992, it is the only marketed ARI, used in Japan, India, and China.
EPaNIC trial
EPaNIC (Early Parenteral Nutrition Completing Enteral Nutrition in Adult Critically Ill Patients), NCT00512122, was a 4640-patient randomized trial showing that withholding parenteral nutrition until ICU day 8 reduced infections, ventilation, and costs versus early PN without a mortality penalty.
EPAS1
EPAS1, also called HIF2A, encodes HIF-2α, the main erythropoietin regulator. Gain-of-function mutations cause familial erythrocytosis (ECYT4) and mosaic Pacak-Zhuang syndrome; a Denisovan-derived haplotype aids Tibetan high-altitude adaptation.
EPB41
EPB41 (protein 4.1, 4.1R, band 4.1) is a human chromosome 1p35.3 gene encoding a FERM-domain cytoskeletal protein that anchors spectrin-actin to the red cell membrane; mutations cause hereditary elliptocytosis type 1.
EPB41L3
EPB41L3 (aliases 4.1B, DAL-1/DAL1) is a human tumor-suppressor gene at 18p11.31 encoding protein 4.1B, a FERM-domain cytoskeletal anchor; its loss by methylation or LOH occurs in ovarian, gastric, lung, breast, and other cancers.
EPCAM
EPCAM (EpCAM, CD326, TACSTD1) is a human protein-coding gene encoding a 314-aa type I transmembrane epithelial adhesion glycoprotein, overexpressed in carcinomas, targeted by immunotherapy, mutated in congenital tufting enteropathy and Lynch syndrome.
Epcoritamab regimen
The Epcoritamab regimen (Epkinly, Tepkinly) treats relapsed or refractory B-cell lymphoma with a subcutaneous CD3×CD20 bispecific antibody that engages T cells to kill lymphoma cells, FDA approved in 2023.
Ependyma
Ependyma: ciliated simple cuboidal epithelium (ependymocytes, tanycytes, choroid plexus) lining brain ventricles and spinal central canal; radial-glia derived glia driving CSF flow at 28–40.7 Hz, partial CSF–brain barrier, ependymoma origin.
Ependymin
Ependymin (epd, EPDR family) is a calcium-binding secreted glycoprotein abundant in teleost fish cerebrospinal fluid, first found in goldfish in 1976, implicated in memory consolidation, axon growth, and regeneration, with related proteins (MERPs, UCC1) across eukaryotes.
Ependymoma
Ependymoma, also known as ependymal tumor, is a glioma arising from ependymal cells lining the brain's ventricles and spinal canal, treated with surgery and radiation.
Eperisone
Eperisone (エペリゾン) is a centrally acting muscle relaxant and analgesic launched in Japan in 1983 by Eisai, used for muscle tone disorders and spastic paralysis; in 2024 it was identified as a potent P2X7 receptor antagonist.
EPF study (NCT03235310)
EPF study, NCT03235310, is the registration of the French Perinatal Cohort (ANRS CO1/CO11), a prospective observational cohort since 1986 of HIV-infected pregnant women in 90 French centers, tracking mother-to-child HIV transmission, PMTCT safety, and birth defects including the zidovudine heart-defect association.
EPF study (NCT03306251)
EPF study, NCT03306251, ANRS CO11: French national observational cohort of children born to HIV-positive mothers, run with ANRS CO1 since 2005 to monitor mother-to-child HIV transmission and perinatal antiretroviral toxicity.
EPHA2
EPHA2 (EPH receptor A2, formerly Eck) is a human chromosome 1p36 gene encoding a 976-amino-acid ephrin-A-binding receptor tyrosine kinase; kinase and SAM domain mutations cause inherited cataract, and ligand-independent S897 signaling drives cancer progression.
EPHB2
EPHB2 (EPH receptor B2, also Hek5/ERK/Nuk) encodes a human Eph-family receptor tyrosine kinase at 1p36.12 that signals bidirectionally with ephrin-B ligands in axon guidance, synaptic plasticity, intestine, platelets, and cancer; mutations cause BDPLT22.
EPHB4
EPHB4 (also HTK, Tyro11) is a gene at 7q22.1 encoding the EphB4 receptor tyrosine kinase, which binds ephrin-B2 and is essential for vascular development; mutations cause CM-AVM2 and predispose to vein of Galen malformation.
EPHB4-related capillary malformation-arteriovenous malformation
CM-AVM2 (OMIM 618196), also called EPHB4-related capillary malformation-arteriovenous malformation, is a rare autosomal dominant vascular disorder from EPHB4 loss-of-function variants, mimicking CM-AVM1 and HHT.
Ephedra (plant)
Ephedra (ma huang, 麻黄) is a genus of about 70 gymnosperm shrubs in Gnetales, with Gnetum and Welwitschia its closest living relatives; source of ephedrine alkaloids, banned in US supplements since 2004, with a fossil record over 110 million years old.
Ephemeridae
Ephemeridae, the burrowing mayflies, is a family of Ephemeroptera in the superfamily Ephemeroidea, with about 96 species in 7 genera including Ephemera and Hexagenia; tusked nymphs burrow in sediments and serve as water-quality bioindicators.
Ephemeroptera
Ephemeroptera, the mayflies, an order of Palaeoptera insects with about 3,281 described species; aquatic nymphs with gills, a unique winged subimago stage, and adults living 1-2 days.
Ephraim Katzir
Ephraim Katzir, also known as Ephraim Katchalski-Katzir, was an Israeli biophysicist at the Weizmann Institute who served as the fourth President of Israel from 1973 to 1978.
Ephrin
Ephrins are membrane-bound ligands of Eph receptor tyrosine kinases, the largest RTK family, split into GPI-anchored ephrin-A and transmembrane ephrin-B classes mediating bidirectional signaling in axon guidance and cancer.
Ephrin signaling
Ephrin signaling: bidirectional contact-dependent cell communication between Eph receptor tyrosine kinases and membrane-bound ephrin ligands, with forward and reverse signaling governing axon guidance, angiogenesis, and cancer.
EPHX1
EPHX1 (microsomal epoxide hydrolase, mEH, EC 3.3.2.9) is a human ER enzyme at 1q42.12 that hydrolyzes xenobiotic and drug epoxides to diols, with common Tyr113His and His139Arg variants linked to cancer, COPD, asthma, and diabetes susceptibility.
EPHX2
EPHX2 (epoxide hydrolase 2, sEH, aliases CEH, SEH, ABHD20) is a human gene at 8p21.2-p21.1 encoding soluble epoxide hydrolase, a bifunctional phosphatase-hydrolase that converts EETs to diols and is a drug target in cardiovascular, renal, and Alzheimer's disease.
Ephydridae
Ephydridae, shore flies or brine flies (Zetterstedt, 1837), a family of small Diptera in Ephydroidea with about 2,000 species; larvae inhabit fresh to hypersaline waters, hot springs, and petroleum pools.
Epi Info
Epi Info is a free public domain software suite developed by the CDC for public health practitioners, widely used for outbreak investigations and surveillance since its 1985 release.
Epibatidine
Epibatidine, a chlorinated alkaloid from the Ecuadorian poison frog Epipedobates tricolor (E. anthonyi), is a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist about 200 times more potent than morphine as a non-opioid analgesic, but too toxic for therapeutic use; analogs include tebanicline (ABT-594).
Epiblepharon
Epiblepharon is a congenital eyelid condition, common in East Asian children, in which a skin-muscle fold overrides the lower lid margin and turns lashes against the eye; it often resolves spontaneously and is corrected by the modified Hotz procedure.