622 articles
Nabataean Aramaic
Nabataean Aramaic is the Aramaic variety of the Nabataeans, an Arab kingdom ruled from Petra, known for about 6,000 inscriptions and as the ancestor of the Arabic script.
Nabonidus's conquest of Dedan
Nabonidus's conquest of Dedan was the capture of the oasis kingdom of Dadān (modern al-ʿUlā in Saudi Arabia) by Nabonidus, the last king of Babylon, around 553 BC.
Nadab of Israel
Nadab (Hebrew נָדָב) was the second king of the northern kingdom of Israel and son of Jeroboam I, reigning about two years before being assassinated by Baasha at Gibbethon.
Nahash (Ammonite king)
Nahash, also known as Nahash the Ammonite, was a king of the Ammonites in the Hebrew Bible who besieged Jabesh-Gilead and was defeated by Saul.
Naplimma
Naplimma, also rendered Napilima, was a Bronze Age king of Qatna in inland Syria, known only from temple treasure inventories found at Tell Mishrife near Homs in 1927.
Nathan-melech
Nathan-melech was a royal official at the court of King Josiah of Judah, named in 2 Kings 23:11, whose seal impression was found in Jerusalem in 2019.
Natnu of the Nabayate
Natnu was the leader of the Nabayat, an Arab tribe known from Assyrian records, during Ashurbanipal's reign in the 650s BC; his son Nuhuru succeeded him.
Nebat
Nebat is an Ephraimite of the 10th century BC in the Hebrew Bible, known as the father of Jeroboam I, first king of northern Israel.
Nebuchadnezzar II's campaigns against Ammon and Moab
Nebuchadnezzar II's campaigns against Ammon and Moab were Babylonian military operations between roughly 604 and 582 BC that reduced Ammon to vassalage and then a province, while Moab was destroyed.
Nehemiah's rebuilding of the walls of Jerusalem
Nehemiah's rebuilding of the walls of Jerusalem, also known as Nehemiah's wall, was a 52-day restoration of the city's fortifications described in the Book of Nehemiah, traditionally dated to 445 BC.
Nehushta
Nehushta (Hebrew נְחֻשְׁתָּא) was a queen of Judah, wife of King Jehoiakim and mother of King Jehoiachin, whom she accompanied into Babylonian exile in 597 BC.
Neirab stelae
The Neirab stelae are two 7th-century BC Aramaic funerary stelae of two priests of the moon god Sahar, found near Aleppo and kept in the Louvre.
Nethinim
The Nethinim, also called Nathinites, were a class of temple servants in post-exilic Jerusalem, named from Hebrew for "given ones" and ranked below priests and Levites.
Niqmaddu II of Ugarit
Niqmaddu II, also written Niqmadu II, was king of Ugarit, a coastal kingdom in northern Syria, in the mid-14th century BC, becoming a treaty vassal of Suppiluliuma I.
Niqmaddu III of Ugarit
Niqmaddu III, also written Niqmadu III, was a king of Ugarit, a Bronze Age Syrian port kingdom on the Mediterranean coast, reigning c. 1225–1215 BC as a Hittite vassal.
Niqmepa of Alalakh
Niqmepa, King of Mukish, was a Bronze Age king of Alalakh in modern Turkey, son and successor of Idrimi, known from the Level IV archive tablets.
Niqmepa of Ugarit
Niqmepa, also known as Niqmepuh, was king of Ugarit from about 1313 to 1260 BC, placed on the throne by the Hittite king Mursili II after his brother Arhalba was removed.
Niqmi-Epuh
Niqmi-Epuh, also written Niqmepuh, was a king of Yamhad, the Amorite kingdom centered on Aleppo, ruling in the first half of the second millennium BC.
Niya (kingdom)
Niya, also written Nii, was a Late Bronze Age kingdom in the middle Orontes valley of western Syria, known almost entirely from Hittite cuneiform texts.
Nuhašše
Nuhašše was a land, or group of lands, in northwestern Syria east of the Orontes between Aleppo and Hama, whose kings appear in the Amarna letters and Hittite treaties.
Obodas I
Obodas I (Arabic: Ubaydah) was a Nabataean king of the early 1st century BC who defeated the Hasmonean Alexander Jannaeus and, at Cana, killed Antiochus XII.
Obodas II
Obodas II was, under the traditional chronology, a king of the Nabataeans who reigned briefly around 62 to 59 BC, between Aretas III and Malichus I.
Obodas III
Obodas III was king of the Nabataeans from about 30 BC to 9 BC, known for deflecting Roman expansion through his minister Syllaeus and for later worship as Zeus-Obodas.
Old Aramaic
Old Aramaic is the earliest attested stage of the Aramaic language, known from inscriptions of the Aramean states of Syria from about 900 to 600 BC.
Omride dynasty
The Omride dynasty, also called the House of Omri (Bit-Humri in Assyrian records), was the ninth-century BC ruling dynasty of northern Israel, founded by King Omri.
Omride wars with Aram
The Omride wars with Aram were ninth-century BC conflicts between Israel under Ahab and Aram-Damascus under Ben-Hadad, ending with Hazael's victory at Ramoth-gilead around 842 BC.
Ophel inscription
The Ophel inscription, also called the Ophel pithos inscription, is a disputed seven-letter alphabetic inscription on a storage jar found in 2012 on the Ophel in Jerusalem.
Padi (king of Ekron)
Padi was king of Ekron, a Philistine city-kingdom and Assyrian vassal, deposed and handed to Hezekiah of Judah, then restored by Sennacherib in 701 BCE.
Pado'el
Pado'el, also known as Padael or Pudu'ilu, was a king of Ammon in the Transjordan, a loyal Assyrian vassal who paid tribute in 701 and 676 BC.
Pahhanate
Pahhanate, written Paḫamnata in cuneiform, was an Egyptian rābiṣu, or resident commissioner, at Ṣumur in Amurru, known only from the Amarna letters of the mid-14th century BC.