1,303 articles
Consular immunity
Consular immunity: privileges and immunities of consular posts under the 1963 Vienna Convention on Consular Relations, giving functional, official-acts-only immunity, unlike full diplomatic immunity.
Consulates in extraterritorial jurisdictions
Consulates in extraterritorial jurisdictions, chiefly under the Ottoman capitulations (ahdnames), were consulates judging their own nationals abroad; first French grant 1535, culminating in the 1740 French capitulations, abolished in the twentieth century.
Convention (treaty)
A convention, in international law, is a formal written agreement between states, typically a multilateral treaty open to all; the name itself carries no independent legal force.
Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources
The CAMLR Convention, signed in Canberra on 20 May 1980 and in force since 7 April 1982, is the treaty governing Southern Ocean marine life; it created CCAMLR, which manages Antarctic fisheries by consensus under an ecosystem approach.
Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Civil Aviation
The Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Civil Aviation, known as the Montreal Sabotage Convention, is a 1971 treaty criminalizing sabotage of civil aircraft.
Convention of Aranjuez (1801)
The Convention of Aranjuez was a Franco-Spanish treaty signed on 21 March 1801, by which the Duke of Parma traded his duchy for Tuscany and Spain ceded Louisiana to France.
Convention of London (1840)
Convention of London (1840), or Convention for the Pacification of the Levant: treaty of 15 July 1840 signed by Britain, Austria, Prussia, Russia and the Ottoman Empire, excluding France, forcing Muhammad Ali to evacuate Syria for hereditary rule of Egypt.
Convention of Mortefontaine
The Convention of Mortefontaine, also called the Convention of 1800 or Treaty of Mortefontaine, was a 1800 agreement between France and the United States that ended the Quasi-War.
Convention of Peking (北京条约)
Convention of Peking (北京条约): three 1860 unequal treaties Qing China signed with Britain, France, and Russia ending the Second Opium War; ceded Kowloon south of Boundary Street and about 400,000 km² east of the Ussuri, opened Tianjin, and ratified the Treaties of Tientsin.
Convention on Cluster Munitions
The Convention on Cluster Munitions, also called the cluster bomb treaty, is a 2008 treaty banning cluster munitions that took effect in 2010 with 112 States Parties.
Convention on Cybercrime
Budapest Convention (Convention on Cybercrime, ETS No. 185), Council of Europe treaty opened for signature 23 November 2001, in force 1 July 2004; 83 Parties; first binding international cybercrime treaty with two additional protocols.
Convention on Mutual Administrative Assistance in Tax Matters
MAAC: joint OECD/Council of Europe multilateral tax treaty signed 1988 (Strasbourg), in force 1995, amended 2010; over 150 jurisdictions exchange tax information, recover claims, and serve documents.
Convention on Special Missions
The Convention on Special Missions, often called the New York Convention, is a 1969 UN treaty extending diplomatic-style privileges and immunities to temporary missions sent between states for specific tasks.
Convention on the Continental Shelf
The 1958 Geneva Convention on the Continental Shelf (Convention sur le plateau continental) grants coastal states sovereign seabed-resource rights to 200 m depth or exploitability; adopted 29 April 1958, in force 1964, superseded largely by UNCLOS 1982.
Convention on the Nationality of Married Women
Convention on the Nationality of Married Women: a 1957 UN multilateral treaty (New York, 20 February 1957) under which marriage or a husband's change of nationality cannot automatically alter a wife's nationality; adopted by GA resolution 1040 (XI), in force 11 August 1958, UNTS vol. 309.
Convention on the Non-Applicability of Statutory Limitations to War Crimes and Crimes Against Humanity
UN treaty, adopted as resolution 2391 (XXIII), barring statutes of limitations for war crimes and crimes against humanity; adopted 26 November 1968, in force 11 November 1970, 56 parties.
Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness
Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness, concluded at New York 30 August 1961, a UN multilateral treaty obliging states to prevent statelessness at birth and restrict deprivation of nationality; entered into force 13 December 1975; 82 parties.
Convention on the Regulation of Antarctic Mineral Resource Activities
CRAMRA (Wellington Convention), adopted 2 June 1988, was an Antarctic Treaty minerals regime for prospecting, exploration, and development. Signed by 19 states, ratified by none; Australia and France's 1989 refusal led to the 1991 Madrid Protocol mining ban.
Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) is the UN human rights treaty adopted 13 December 2006, in force 3 May 2008, reframing disability as a barrier-interaction social model; 194 States Parties, monitored by the CRPD Committee and Optional Protocol procedures.
Convention on the Rights of the Child
The Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) is the 1989 UN human rights treaty defining rights of everyone under 18; adopted 20 November 1989, in force 2 September 1990, with 196 states parties and the United States the only UN member state that has signed but not ratified.
Convention on the Transfer of Sentenced Persons
Convention on the Transfer of Sentenced Persons (ETS No. 112), 1983 Council of Europe treaty letting foreign prisoners serve sentences in their home country; six transfer conditions, consent-based, EU-replaced by Framework Decision 2008/909 since 2011.
Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees
The 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, with its 1967 Protocol, defines the refugee in Article 1 and anchors non-refoulement under Article 33; 146 states are party to the Convention and 147 to the Protocol.
Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons
The Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons (1954 Statelessness Convention) is a UN treaty adopted 28 September 1954, in force 6 June 1960, with 99 parties; it defines stateless persons and sets minimum treatment standards.
Corfu Channel case
Corfu Channel case (UK v. Albania), the ICJ's first contentious case: 1946 mine damage to British destroyers, Albania held responsible, innocent passage affirmed, minesweeping ruled a sovereignty violation, £844,000 awarded.
Council of Europe Convention on the Avoidance of Statelessness in Relation to State Succession
CETS No. 200, a Council of Europe treaty adopted in Strasbourg on 19 May 2006 and in force since 1 May 2009, obliging successor and predecessor states to prevent statelessness when states succeed one another; seven states party.
Counter-Terrorism Committee and Resolution 1373 regime
The Counter-Terrorism Committee (CTC) is a UN Security Council body monitoring all states' implementation of Resolution 1373, adopted unanimously under Chapter VII in 2001 after the 11 September attacks.
Counter-Terrorism Committee engagement with regional organizations and partners
The Counter-Terrorism Committee engages regional and international partners through special meetings, working relationships, and facilitation of technical assistance, beginning with a 2003 New York meeting.
Counter-Terrorism Committee Executive Directorate
Counter-Terrorism Committee Executive Directorate (CTED) is the UN Security Council special political mission supporting the Counter-Terrorism Committee; established by resolution 1535 (2004), it conducts confidential country assessments and facilitates technical assistance, with a mandate extended to 5 January 2029.
Counter-Terrorism Committee policy guidance and best-practice instruments
Non-binding policy guidance and best-practice instruments issued by the UN Security Council's Counter-Terrorism Committee, including the CTED Technical Guide and the Algeria Guiding Principles, which impose no new legal obligations.
County of Sargans
County of Sargans (Grafschaft Sargans), a lordship in the Sarganserland held by the counts of Werdenberg-Sargans from about 1260, pledged to Habsburg and Toggenburg, sold to the seven Swiss cantons in 1483 for 15,000 gulden, and governed as a common bailiwick until 1798.