1,440 articles
HCC1806
HCC1806 is a human breast cancer cell line established in 1995 from a 60-year-old Black woman with squamous breast carcinoma, serving as a widely used model for triple-negative breast cancer.
HCC1937
HCC1937 (HCC-1937, CVCL_0290, ATCC CRL-2336) is a triple-negative, basal-like human breast cancer cell line established in 1995, homozygous for the BRCA1 5382insC mutation, with TP53 mutation and homozygous PTEN deletion, used to study BRCA1 and DNA repair.
HCC1954
HCC1954 (ATCC CRL-2338) is a human breast cancer cell line from a 1995 grade 3 invasive ductal carcinoma; HER2-overexpressing, ER/PR-negative, trastuzumab-resistant, used to test anti-HER2 drugs and antibody-drug conjugates.
HCN channels
HCN channels, or hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channels, are ion channels in heart and brain cell membranes, known as pacemaker channels for the funny current that sets the cardiac rhythm.
HCN4
HCN4 (hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated potassium channel 4, 15q24.1) is the slowest-activating HCN pacemaker channel, carrying about 80% of the sinoatrial funny current If; mutations cause sick sinus syndrome 2 and left ventricular noncompaction, and ivabradine blocks it.
HCT 116
HCT 116 (HCT116, HCT-116), a human colorectal carcinoma cell line from a male colon cancer patient, established 1981 by Brattain; MSI-high, KRAS G13D, wild-type TP53, ATCC CCL-247, NCI-60 member.
HCT 15
HCT-15 (HCT 15, CVCL_0292, ATCC CCL-225) is a human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line from a male Dukes C patient, MSI-high, KRAS G13D, quasidiploid, genetically identical in origin to DLD-1, HCT-8, and HRT-18.
HCT 8
HCT 8 (HCT-8, HRT-18) is a human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line from a 67-year-old male, MSI-positive with APC, KRAS G13D, and PIK3CA mutations, tumorigenic in nude mice, and genetically identical to DLD-1, HCT-15, and HRT-18.
Heat-Shock Response
The heat-shock response is a conserved cellular program triggered by heat and other stresses, in which heat shock proteins refold damaged proteins and protect the cell.
HEC-1
HEC-1 (HEC1, Human Endometrial Cancer-1) is the first human endometrial adenocarcinoma cell line, established in 1968 from a 71-year-old woman; its MMR-deficient, MSI-high sublines HEC-1-A and HEC-1-B carry KRAS G12D and TP53 R248Q.
HEC-1-A
HEC-1-A (also HEC1A, CVCL_0293, ATCC HTB-112) is a human endometrial adenocarcinoma cell line established in 1968 from a 71-year-old Japanese woman, parent of HEC-1-B; MSI-positive, KRAS-mutant, diploid, low estrogen sensitivity.
HEC-1-B
HEC-1-B (HEC1B, CVCL_0294, ATCC HTB-113) is a tetraploid human type II endometrial adenocarcinoma cell line established in 1968 from a 71-year-old Japanese woman as a subline of HEC-1, with KRAS G12D, TP53 R248Q, MSI, and low ER/PR.
HeLa
HeLa is the first immortal human cell line, established in 1951 by George Gey at Johns Hopkins from Henrietta Lacks' cervical cancer cells; used in over 110,000 publications, central to polio and HPV vaccines, and governed by the 2013 NIH-Lacks Family Agreement.
HeLa S3
HeLa S3 (ATCC CCL-2.2, Cellosaurus CVCL_0058) is a 1955 single-cell clone of the HeLa cervical cancer line, cloned by Puck, Marcus, and Cieciura; it carries HPV-18 and can be adapted to suspension culture.
Hematopoietic cell
Hematopoietic cell: any blood-forming cell, from self-renewing hematopoietic stem cells through progenitors to mature erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets; hierarchy, niches, epigenetics, and transplantation.
Hemocytometry
Hemocytometry is a bench microscopy technique that counts cells in a known volume in a calibrated chamber, giving cell concentration and, with a vital dye, viability.
Hemolysis assay
A hemolysis assay is a bench biology method that measures rupture of red blood cells by spectrophotometrically detecting the hemoglobin they release, reporting membrane damage as a hemolysis percentage.
Henrietta Lacks
Henrietta Lacks (1920–1951), African American woman whose cervical cancer cells, taken without consent at Johns Hopkins in 1951, became the HeLa immortal cell line, foundational to the polio, HPV, and COVID-19 vaccines and to research ethics reform.
Henry Hess
Henry Hess is a German-born nanobiotechnology researcher and professor of biomedical engineering at Columbia University, known for kinesin-powered molecular shuttles and a 2009 smart dust biosensor.
Hep 3B2.1-7
Hep 3B2.1-7 (Hep3B, ATCC HB-8064, CVCL_0326) is a human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line from an 8-year-old boy, established 1976, HBV genome-integrated, AXIN1/RB1 mutated, second most used HCC line after HepG2.
HEp-2
HEp-2 (H.Ep.-2, CVCL_1906, ICLAC-00007) is a human cancer cell line described in 1954 as laryngeal carcinoma but shown in 1967 to be a HeLa derivative; still widely used for ANA immunofluorescence testing and virus culture.
Hepatic stellate cell
Hepatic stellate cell (Ito cell, fat-storing cell, lipocyte), a perisinusoidal liver pericyte in the space of Disse storing 50-80% of body vitamin A; activates into collagen-producing myofibroblasts driving liver fibrosis.
Hepatocyte
Hepatocyte: the liver cell, main parenchymal cell of the liver (~80% of liver cells). Multipolar epithelial cell with bile canaliculi, three perfusion zones, plasma protein synthesis, and drug metabolism; isolated by collagenase perfusion since 1967.
Heterocyst
Heterocyst: specialized nitrogen-fixing cell of filamentous cyanobacteria such as Anabaena and Nostoc; thick glycolipid envelope shields oxygen-sensitive nitrogenase; spaced 10-15 cells apart; evolved 2,450-2,100 Ma.
Heterokaryon
Heterokaryon: a fungal cell or mycelium holding genetically different nuclei in one cytoplasm; coined by Burgeff (1912), controlled by het loci, central to the parasexual cycle and dikaryons.
HGC-27
HGC-27 (CVCL_1279, ECACC 94042256) is a human gastric cancer cell line established in 1976 from a metastatic lymph node of a Japanese patient with undifferentiated carcinoma; mucin-producing, adherent, TP53/PIK3CA-mutant, highly invasive.
High-content screening
High-content screening is a cell biology method combining automated microscopy and image analysis to measure many features of individual cells, introduced in 1997 for drug discovery.
Hippocampal neuron
Hippocampal neuron (Cell Ontology CL:0002608): any neuron with its soma in the hippocampus, including CA1-CA3 pyramidal cells, dentate granule cells, and interneurons; studied for place fields, LTP/LTD plasticity, and memory.
Histology
Histology, also called microscopic anatomy, is the microscopic study of the structure of biological tissues, prepared by sectioning and staining; in medicine it underlies diagnosis, autopsy, and forensic investigation.
Histology Shadowing Technique
Histology shadowing technique (metal shadowing, shadow casting): TEM specimen preparation evaporating heavy metal such as platinum at an oblique angle, creating shadow contrast and 3D appearance; unidirectional and rotary variants, ~3 nm resolution.