1,440 articles
HL-60 (HL60)
HL-60 (HL60, Human Leukemia-60) is a human promyelocytic leukemia cell line established in 1977 from a 36-year-old woman's peripheral blood, later classified FAB-M2 AML; a standard model for myeloid differentiation and neutrophil research.
Holocentric chromosome
Holocentric chromosome (holokinetic, diffuse centromere): a chromosome with kinetochore activity along nearly its whole length, tolerating fragmentation; evolved independently at least 13 times in plants and animals, first described 1935.
Homeostatic chondrocyte
Homeostatic chondrocyte (HomC, CL:0020020), a single-cell-RNA-seq-defined chondrocyte state enriched in homeostasis and circadian clock pathways; markers DDIT3, ATF3, GDF15; depleted in osteoarthritic cartilage.
HPAF-II
HPAF-II, also written HPAF-2, is a well-differentiated human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell line established from the ascites of a 44-year-old man, cataloged as ATCC CRL-1997.
Hs 294T
Hs 294T (HS294T, CVCL_0331, ATCC HTB-140) is a human metastatic melanoma cell line from a lymph node metastasis, BRAF V600E and TERT promoter mutant, used in drug-response and resistance research.
Hs 578T
Hs 578T (ATCC HTB-126, CVCL_0332) is a human triple-negative, basal-like breast cancer cell line derived in 1977 from a 74-year-old patient, syngeneic with Hs 578Bst, carrying an H-ras codon 12 mutation and a hypotriploid karyotype.
Hs 675.T
Hs 675.T (Hs675T, CVCL_0836, ATCC CRL-7400) is a human colon-derived fibroblast cell line, male Caucasian donor, originally misclassified as colorectal carcinoma; doubling time 6-7 days, DMEM culture, documented STR profile.
Hs 700T
Hs 700T (HS700T, CVCL_0858, ATCC HTB-147) is a human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell line from a 61-year-old man's pelvic metastasis, hypertetraploid, TP53 p.Arg249Met, doubling time 4-5 days.
Hs 746.T
Hs 746.T (Hs746T, CVCL_0333, ATCC HTB-135) is a human diffuse-type gastric adenocarcinoma cell line established in 1973 from a skeletal muscle metastasis, MET-amplified with a c-Met exon 14 splice mutation, used in MET-inhibitor drug testing.
Hs 766T
Hs 766T (Hs-766T, HS766T, CVCL_0334, ATCC HTB-134) is a human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell line isolated in 1973 from a lymph node metastasis, carrying homozygous KRAS Q61H and SMAD4 deletion, gemcitabine-resistant, with a normoid gene expression profile.
HSC-2
HSC-2 (HSC2, CVCL_1287, JCRB0622) is a well-differentiated human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line established in 1989 in Japan from a 69-year-old man, carrying PIK3CA His1047Arg and TP53 splice mutations, non-invasive, and used in drug-screening panels.
HSC-3
HSC-3 (HSC3, JCRB0623, CVCL_1288) is a human oral squamous carcinoma cell line established in 1989 from a 64-year-old Japanese man's tongue cancer, derived from a cervical lymph node metastasis, with high metastatic potential and wide use in OSCC research.
HSC-4
HSC-4 (HSC4, CVCL_1289, JCRB0624) is a human tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell line established in 1989 from a 64-year-old Japanese man's cervical lymph node metastasis, used in over 150 OSCC studies.
HSG
HSG (Human Salivary Gland, CVCL_2517) is a human cancer cell line established in 1981 from an irradiated submandibular salivary gland but shown by STR profiling to be a HeLa derivative; ICLAC-00313, distinct from the HGS1-4 ovarian series.
HT-1080
HT-1080 (HT1080, CVCL_0317, ATCC CCL-121) is a human fibrosarcoma cancer cell line established in 1972 from a 35-year-old man; NRAS-mutant, IDH1 R132C, used in sarcoma research, 3D migration studies, and Shire therapeutic protein manufacturing.
HT-1376
HT-1376 (HT1376, CVCL_1292) is a human bladder transitional cell carcinoma cell line established in 1977 from a 58-year-old woman, near-tetraploid, with RB1, TP53, TERT promoter, and PTEN alterations, used in muscle-invasive bladder cancer research.
HT-29
HT-29 (ATCC HTB-38, CVCL_0320) is a human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line established in 1964 by J. Fogh from a 44-year-old woman's colon tumor; adherent, enterocyte-like, drug-sensitive, and widely used in cancer, GI barrier, and CRISPR screening research.
HT-3
HT-3 is a human cervical carcinoma cell line established in 1963 by Jorgen Fogh at Sloan Kettering from a metastatic lymph node, long used as an HPV-negative comparator.
Huh-7
Huh-7 (HuH-7, JTC-39, CVCL_0336) is a human hepatoma cell line established in 1982 from a 57-year-old Japanese man's hepatocellular carcinoma; with derivatives Huh7.5 and Huh7.5.1 it is the standard host for hepatitis C virus culture and a model for liver metabolism and cancer.
Human mitochondrial genetics
Human mitochondrial genetics covers mtDNA, a 16,569-bp circular genome with 37 genes, maternally inherited, showing heteroplasmy, threshold effects, and the bottleneck; also called mitochondrial DNA inheritance, it underlies mitochondrial disease, ancestry tracing, and forensics.
HuT 102
HuT 102 (HUT-102) is a human T-cell cancer cell line established in 1979 from a patient with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, from which Gallo's laboratory isolated HTLV-1.
Hydrogen hypothesis
Proposed by William Martin and Miklós Müller in 1998, the Hydrogen hypothesis posits that the eukaryotic cell originated from a metabolic symbiosis. This process involved an archaeal host and a hydrogen-producing alphaproteobacterial symbiont.
Hyphal cell
Hyphal cell: a cell of a fungal hypha, the filament of a mycelium. Grows by apical tip growth via the Spitzenkörper, is compartmentalized by septal pores and Woronin body plugs, and underlies fungal multicellularity and dimorphism.
Hypokalemia
Hypokalemia is a serum potassium below 3.5 mmol/L, caused by intracellular shift, renal or GI losses, or poor intake. Also called low potassium. Key features: ECG changes, arrhythmia risk with digoxin, magnesium-linked refractory cases, and IV repletion limits.
IGROV-1
IGROV-1 (IGROV1, CVCL_1304) is a human ovarian cancer cell line established in 1985 from a stage III ovarian adenocarcinoma; an NCI-60 member, hypermutated, endometrioid-like, widely used in drug screening.
IM-9
IM-9 (GM04680, ATCC CCL-159) is a human cell line established in 1967 from a multiple myeloma patient but actually an EBV-transformed B-lymphoblastoid line, CD38-negative, near-diploid, used widely in receptor and B-cell research.
Image correlation spectroscopy
Image correlation spectroscopy (ICS) is a fluorescence microscopy analysis method, introduced in 1993, that measures the density, aggregation state, and transport of fluorescently labeled molecules in cells.
Image cytometry
Image cytometry is a cell-analysis method in microscopy that records images of individual cells and derives per-cell fluorescence, localization, size, shape, and texture measurements, unlike conventional flow cytometry.
Imaging flow cytometry
Imaging flow cytometry (IFC) combines the high event rates of flow cytometry with single-cell imaging, capturing up to 12 images per cell and calculating hundreds of features.
Imaging mass cytometry
Imaging mass cytometry (IMC) is a tissue imaging method that uses metal-isotope-labeled antibodies and mass spectrometry to measure over 40 proteins at 1 µm resolution, introduced in 2014.